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GlossaryPDE4 inhibitors

block an enzyme to reduce inflammation and immune responses

PDE4 inhibitors, also known as Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors or PDE4i, are a class of drugs that block the enzyme phosphodiesterase 4. This enzyme is involved in breaking down cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a molecule that plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation and immune responses. By inhibiting PDE4, these drugs can help reduce inflammation and are used to treat conditions like psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and certain types of alopecia.

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research Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Conditions

January 2018 in “Springer eBooks”

PDE inhibitors, especially PDE4 inhibitors like apremilast, are effective for certain inflammatory skin conditions but have side effects and can be costly.

research The Changing Landscape of Alopecia Areata: The Therapeutic Paradigm

77 citations , June 2017 in “Advances in Therapy”

New treatments for Alopecia Areata, like JAK inhibitors, show promise for hair regrowth and are likely to change future treatment approaches.

The Relative Efficacy of Monotherapy With Janus Kinase Inhibitors, Dupilumab and Apremilast in Adults With Alopecia Areata: Network Meta-Analyses of Clinical Trials

research The Relative Efficacy of Monotherapy With Janus Kinase Inhibitors, Dupilumab and Apremilast in Adults With Alopecia Areata: Network Meta-Analyses of Clinical Trials

2 citations , July 2023 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology”

JAK inhibitors are more effective and safer for treating alopecia areata than dupilumab and apremilast.

research Alopecia Areata: Treatment Options and Efficacy

182 citations , December 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Some treatments can help with a hair loss condition called alopecia areata, but none ensure lasting results; choices depend on the person, with JAK inhibitors showing promise for severe cases.

research Alopecia Areata: Animal Models Illuminate Autoimmune Pathogenesis and Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies

82 citations , March 2016 in “Autoimmunity reviews”

Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.

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community Scalp tension and thickness of the galea aponeurotica, inflammation and potential treatment pathways

in Research/Science 3 years ago

Scalp tension potentially affecting hair loss, and potential treatments for male pattern baldness such as Minoxidil, Finasteride and RU58841. Evidence from a study was discussed which suggests that the cause of MPB lies within the follicle itself and is not dependent on its surrounding environment.

community DHT Harms Scalp Microbiome: DHT Itch is REAL

in Research/Science 412 upvotes 5 months ago

Increased Malassezia and Cutibacterium in the scalp microbiome are linked to higher sebum production and inflammation in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Treatments include ciclopirox shampoo, benzoyl peroxide shampoo, clobetasol propionate, calcipotriol, minoxidil, finasteride, and dutasteride.

community The no BS guide to saving your hair without finasteride (improvement in 90% of patients in the study) with a low side effect profile or improvement in 100% of patients but a higher side effect profile and increased dosage. The future is here?

in Minoxidil 92 upvotes 5 years ago

Hair loss treatments, specifically the use of oral minoxidil in combination with micro-needling. Oral minoxidil has been found to improve hair density in 90% of patients with a low side effect profile, but using 5mg per day can result in higher side effects including hypertrichosis and edema. Other treatments mentioned include finasteride and RU58841.