Dupilumab for Alopecia Areata Treatment: A Double-Edged Sword?

The commentary discusses the complex pathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA), highlighting the role of immune privilege loss, autoimmune-mediated destruction of hair follicles, and abnormal inflammatory pathway regulation. Despite recent advances in treatment options like platelet-rich plasma, JAK–STAT inhibitors, and PDE4 inhibitors, the efficacy remains limited. The article presents a case of AA onset following dupilumab treatment, emphasizing the need to understand the chronological relationship between AA onset and dupilumab use. The study underscores the potential dual effects of dupilumab in treating AA. No conflicts of interest were reported, and no new data were generated.