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Glossary Particulate Matter

mixture of tiny solid particles and liquid droplets in air

Particulate Matter (PM) refers to a mixture of tiny solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. These particles can include dust, dirt, soot, and smoke, and they vary in size, with PM10 and PM2.5 being common classifications based on their diameter in micrometers. PM2.5, in particular, can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, posing significant health risks such as respiratory and cardiovascular issues.

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Research

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research Particulate matter 2.5 damages skin cells by inducing oxidative stress, subcellular organelle dysfunction, and apoptosis

215 citations , March 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology”

This study found that PM2.5 exposure induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes and mouse skin, causing cellular damage, which was mitigated by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine.

research Air Pollution, Autophagy, and Skin Aging: Impact of Particulate Matter (PM10) on Human Dermal Fibroblasts

68 citations , September 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

In this study, researchers found that exposure to PM10 significantly increased inflammation and impaired collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts, suggesting PM10 contributes to skin aging through these mechanisms.

research Eupafolin nanoparticles protect HaCaT keratinocytes from particulate matter-induced inflammation and oxidative stress

43 citations , August 2016 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine”

This study found that a eupafolin nanoparticle delivery system improved water solubility and skin penetration, enhancing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against particulate matter-induced stress in skin cells.

research Effects of Microwave-Assisted Opuntia humifusa Extract in Inhibiting the Impacts of Particulate Matter on Human Keratinocyte Skin Cell

26 citations , March 2020 in “Antioxidants”

This study found that microwave-assisted Opuntia humifusa extract improved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to counteract particulate matter's harmful effects on HaCaT keratinocytes.

research Clionasterol-Rich Fraction of Caulerpa racemosa against Particulate Matter-Induced Skin Damage via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis-Related Signaling Pathway

5 citations , September 2022 in “Antioxidants”

This study found that the clionasterol-rich hexane fraction of Caulerpa racemosa may protect against particulate matter-induced skin damage by reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human keratinocytes and zebrafish.

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community Minoxidil Response Bottlenecks: Why Sulfation and Transport Matter (And Where Tretinoin Fits In)

in Research 461 upvotes 1 year ago

Minoxidil's effectiveness is limited by the need for sulfation and proper transport to hair follicles, with tretinoin potentially enhancing its effects by promoting enzyme activity and keratinocyte differentiation. Tretinoin may improve minoxidil's response by boosting the expression of necessary enzymes and transporters.

community Rate my MPB Genetics: Can I run Primobolan/Masteron? (Detailed MyHeritage DNA Data Included)

in General 262 upvotes 6 months ago

The user is using testosterone and finasteride to prevent hair loss and is considering adding Primobolan or Masteron, which are DHT-derivatives. They are seeking advice on their genetic risk for male pattern baldness and whether they can safely use these compounds without significant hair loss.

community I’m joining the dutasteride master race.

in Finasteride/Dutasteride 76 upvotes 1 year ago

A user plans to switch from finasteride to dutasteride for better hair loss treatment, citing dutasteride's higher DHT suppression. Others share mixed experiences, discussing transition methods, shedding, and potential side effects.

community 9 months oral min, 2 months topical min. Late 30s.

in Progress Pictures 54 upvotes 2 years ago

The user used oral finasteride, topical minoxidil foam, a derma roller, keto shampoo, Hims thick fix shampoo, hair dye, and rosemary oil for hair restoration. They reported no side effects and noted significant improvement, especially in the hairline.

community Don't discount diet for the sake of scalp health. Meds had no effect for 2+ years. 3.5 months since new diet / Shampoo routine.

in Progress Pictures 300 upvotes 2 years ago

Diet and specific shampoo improved scalp health and hair regrowth for someone with seborrheic dermatitis, while medications like Minoxidil and finasteride had no effect. A low-sugar, keto diet was key to their success.

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learn Osteopontin

signaling protein that, when suppressed, may grow hair by reducing inflammation and stem cell loss

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