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February 2021 in “IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science” Mangkokan leaf contains various beneficial compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids.
June 2025 in “Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research” Mangkokan leaf extract can fight bacteria and may help prevent hair loss and treat infections.
March 2025 in “Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research” Mangkokan leaf extract at 7% concentration speeds up wound healing.
January 2022 in “JPK Jurnal Proteksi Kesehatan” Mangkokan leaf extract is more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than Escherichia coli.
The nanoemulsions effectively promoted hair growth in male rats.