March 2025 in “Molecules” This study explored the in vitro skin penetration of two compounds from Tectona grandis leaf extract used for standardization and found that compound 1 penetrates more efficiently than compound 2, especially with a propylene glycol enhancer.
264 citations
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January 2008 in “Journal of biomedical optics” This study found that ZnO nanoparticles in topical skin products do not penetrate beyond the outer skin layers in humans, suggesting minimal safety concerns for subdermal absorption.
This study found that various reduced folates effectively penetrated an in vitro skin model, promoted cell proliferation and migration, and may enhance wound healing, suggesting potential for topical treatment in skin conditions.
8 citations
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April 2012 in “Laser Physics Letters” This study found that a curcumin-labeled particle-associated antiseptic penetrated deeper into hair follicles in porcine skin than particles without antiseptic.
82 citations
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January 2002 in “Journal of drug targeting” This study found that drug delivery through human scalp skin may be more effective for lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs compared to abdominal skin, highlighting the potential of intrafollicular delivery methods.
