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This study found that testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone induced apoptosis in dermal papilla cells from nonbalding scalp regions, suggesting a high androgen stimulus can trigger cell death related to androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that topical immunotherapy affects angiogenesis and immune cell ratios in the scalp, potentially offering insights into the mechanisms underlying alopecia areata.

This study found that vitamin A significantly enhanced the proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of rabbit dermal papilla cells under heat stress, likely by modulating miR-195/IGF1 and Wnt10b/β-catenin signaling pathways.

This study reported that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes may promote hair regeneration and thickness in androgenic alopecia by modulating cellular pathways in hair growth, including increasing hair density and diameter, as observed in a mouse model and an exploratory clinical trial.

This study found that exosomal miR-181a-5p promotes hair follicle growth and development in vitro by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and suppressing hair follicle stem cell apoptosis.