March 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” In this study, researchers found that the "U" allele of the Tru9I variant may be associated with low vitamin D levels and altered VDR gene activity in alopecia areata patients, while the "u" allele might have a protective role against developing the condition.
December 2025 in “Çukurova medical journal (Online)/Çukurova medical journal” In this retrospective review, increased frequencies of certain HLA-DRB1 alleles and low vitamin D3 levels were observed in men with androgenetic alopecia, suggesting an association with immunogenetic factors and potential relevance for screening and treatment decisions.
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November 2004 in “Blood” In this study, researchers reported that the Pinkie mutation in mice, affecting RXRa activity, leads to skewed Th1 development and suggests RXRa's role in Th2 differentiation, impacting immune responses.
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September 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that the ACE gene I/D polymorphism may serve as a genetic susceptibility indicator for androgenetic alopecia in an Egyptian patient group.
January 2015 in “Indian Journal of Medical Biochemistry” Men with early balding should be checked for metabolic syndrome, as there's a link between the two.