9 citations
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June 1947 in “Analytical Chemistry” Cold waving solutions quickly reduce cystine to cysteine in hair.
3 citations
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August 2008 in “PubMed” This study found that digital perm treatments using sodium thioglycolate lotion led to the most significant reduction in protein content and greater hair damage compared to other methods and lotions.
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” In this study, permanent waving treatments, especially those using lotion B and repeated procedures, were found to significantly damage hair protein content and physical properties.
40 citations
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July 2015 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” This study found that cysteine supplementation significantly increases keratin expression in human keratinocytes, and counteracts the negative impact of iron deficiency on keratin production by enhancing iron availability for cellular processes.
40 citations
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November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that the S100A3 gene is exclusively expressed in hair follicle cells differentiating into hair shaft components in mice, suggesting its important role in hair formation.