182 citations,
December 2007 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Hair follicles significantly increase the speed and amount of caffeine absorbed through the skin.
153 citations,
October 2012 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Caffeine in cosmetics may reduce cellulite, protect skin, and stimulate hair growth, but more research is needed on its use and effects.
82 citations,
May 2009 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Caffeine penetrates human skin in lab tests similarly to real-life conditions, but actual skin use is still essential for accurate results.
60 citations,
May 2014 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Caffeine affects hair growth and health differently in men and women.
46 citations,
January 2008 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Caffeine and siloxanetriol alginate caffeine in emulsion form can reduce fatty cell size and number, potentially treating cellulite effectively.