3 citations
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September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition marked by hair loss due to the collapse of hair follicle immune privilege, primarily driven by CD8+NKG2D+ T cells and inflammatory cytokines like IFN-γ. Various immune cells, including Th1, Th2, Th17, γδT, NK, and mast cells, contribute to this process, with Tregs, Bregs, and iNKT cell dysfunction exacerbating the imbalance. The JAK-STAT pathway is a key regulatory node, and JAK inhibitors have shown clinical effectiveness, with some receiving FDA approval for moderate-to-severe AA. However, the efficacy of targeting IL-17, TNF-α, Th2 cytokines, and PDE4 is still debated. The review highlights the need for further research into AA's immune regulation and tailored treatments to improve patient outcomes.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” People with alopecia areata have fewer IL-10 producing immune cells, which might contribute to the condition.
April 2017 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” B cells can both help and hinder the body's defense against melanoma.
306 citations
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April 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.
130 citations
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November 2017 in “Frontiers in Immunology” The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.