Spatiotemporal regulation of acute wound healing by the NLRP3 inflammasome: dual roles in macrophage-fibroblast chemotaxis and phenotype during wound repair

    January 2026 in “ Burns & Trauma ”
    Dongzhen Zhu, JianJun Li, Bingyang Yu, Nanbo Liu, Xu Guo, Yanlin Su, Yuzhen Wang, Yun Huang, Liting Liang, Linhao Hou, Chao Zhang, Qinghua Liu, Mengde Zhang, Wei Song, Yi Kong, Jinpeng Du, Zhao Li, Yue Kong, Feng Tian, Xiangye Yin, Ping Zhu, Xiaobing Fu, Sha Huang
    TLDR NLRP3 helps control inflammation and repair in wound healing, making it a potential target for treatment.
    The study investigates the dual roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in wound healing, highlighting its regulatory functions during different phases. Initially, NLRP3 promotes macrophage and fibroblast recruitment and M1 polarization through chemokine-mediated pathways while inhibiting fibroblast repair via IL-1β signaling. In later stages, a deficiency in NLRP3 enhances Wnt/Notch signaling, aiding structural restoration despite a temporary delay in healing. Additionally, fibroblasts with high NLRP3 expression utilize an inflammasome-independent NLRP3/ROS axis to boost TGF-β/Smad signaling activation. These insights suggest that NLRP3 could be a therapeutic target for controlling specific inflammatory and regenerative responses during wound repair.
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