Store-Operated Calcium Channels in Skin

The document reviewed the role of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) channels, particularly STIM1 and Orai1, in skin functions such as differentiation, melanogenesis, and sweat secretion. SOCE dysfunction was associated with conditions like anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, hyperhidrosis, dermatitis, hair loss, and cancer. In keratinocytes, these channels were vital for proliferation and differentiation, with Orai1 knockout mice showing a thin-skinned phenotype. In melanocytes, SOCE was linked to melanin production, influenced by αMSH and ET-1. The study also highlighted the importance of SOCE in eccrine sweat glands, where mutations in STIM1 and Orai1 could cause anhidrosis and hyperthermia. The review underscored the critical nature of calcium signaling in skin health and called for further research into the specific roles of these channels.