Synthesis and Application of Clinically Approved Small-Molecule Drugs Targeting Androgen Receptor

The document discusses the role of small-molecule drugs that target Androgen Receptors (AR) in treating various androgen-related disorders, particularly prostate cancer. The AR is a protein that plays a crucial role in male sexual maturation and functionality, and its dysregulation is associated with diseases like prostate cancer and androgenic alopecia. Drugs like Bicalutamide and Enzalutamide, which target AR, have shown significant clinical efficacy in improving survival and quality of life in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Other drugs like Apalutamide and Darolutamide have also been developed and clinically approved, showing similar efficacy. Additionally, drugs like finasteride and dutasteride, which inhibit the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, have shown potential in treating other androgen-related disorders. The document concludes that continued research in this field could lead to the discovery of more effective drugs targeting AR, improving patient outcomes and expanding therapeutic options.