Screening for Latent Infectious Disease in Patients with Alopecia Areata Before Initiating JAK Inhibitors Therapy: A Single-Center Real-World Retrospective Study

    October 2023 in “ Frontiers in medicine
    Jundong Huang, Zhi‐Rong Tan, Yan Tang, Wei Shi
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    TLDR Comprehensive screening for infections is crucial before starting JAK inhibitors in alopecia areata patients.
    This study analyzed pre-treatment screening data for 218 alopecia areata patients before initiating Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. Of these, 163 patients (74.8%) began JAK inhibitor therapy. Screening revealed 32 patients positive for antinuclear antibodies, 10 for hepatitis B surface antigen, 3 for treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay, 9 for thyroid-stimulating hormone abnormalities, and 37 for tuberculosis indicators. No patients tested positive for hepatitis C or HIV. The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive screening for latent infections, particularly tuberculosis and hepatitis B, to ensure the safe use of JAK inhibitors in treating alopecia areata.
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