Two Opposing Faces of Retinoic Acid: Induction of Stemness or Differentiation Depending on Cell Type
October 2019
in “
Biomolecules
”
Studysummary This review highlights the role of all-trans retinoic acid in regulating stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, suggesting its potential to enhance treatments in regenerative medicine and cancer.
Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer
The document reviewed the dual role of retinoic acid (RA) in regulating stemness and differentiation, with effects varying by cell type and context. In breast cancer, RA either promoted or suppressed tumor growth, influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors. For instance, RA activated the Src-YAP-IL6 pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells, enhancing metastasis, while inhibiting it in MDA-MB-468 cells, reducing invasion. RA also increased stemness in MCF-7 cells through specific pathways. Beyond cancer, RA sustained pluripotency in stem cells, influenced neurogenesis, and played roles in tissue regeneration and spermatogenesis. The study highlighted RA's complex, context-dependent effects, emphasizing the need to understand its pathways for therapeutic applications in cancer and regenerative medicine.
