TLDR Keratin 15 expression in skin cells is regulated by two mechanisms involving PKC/AP-1 and FOXM1.
The study investigated the regulation of keratin K15 expression in keratinocytes, identifying two primary mechanisms: PKC/AP-1 and FOXM1 mediated signaling pathways. PKC/AP-1 signaling was crucial for K15 upregulation during terminal differentiation, particularly under high cell density and phorbol ester treatment, and involved PKCδ and AP-1 activation. FOXM1 mediated basal-specific K15 expression, confirmed by its binding to the K15 promoter. These findings underscored the complexity of K15 regulation and suggested caution in using K15 as a stem cell marker due to its context-dependent expression.
14 citations,
January 2011 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” CK15 is not a reliable marker for stem cells in damaged hair follicles from patients with CCCA.
835 citations,
October 2008 in “Nature Genetics” Lgr5 is a marker for active, long-lasting stem cells in mouse hair follicles.
120 citations,
August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.
550 citations,
December 2005 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Researchers successfully isolated and identified key markers of stem cell-enriched human hair follicle bulge cells.
1010 citations,
August 2000 in “Cell” Hair follicle stem cells can form both hair follicles and skin.
85 citations,
September 2013 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Keratin 15 is not a reliable sole marker for identifying epidermal stem cells because it's found in various cell types.
21 citations,
November 2017 in “Scientific Reports” Different human hair follicle stem cells grow at different rates and respond differently to a baldness-related compound.
26 citations,
May 2014 in “BioEssays” Using neurohormones to control keratin can lead to new skin disease treatments.
March 2024 in “Tissue engineering. Part A” Negative pressure therapy increases hair growth in mice.
70 citations,
January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
