Synthesis and Performance of Potassium Monoester Maleate: A Multifunctional Surfactant for Hair Repair

February 2026 in “ Journal of Surfactants and Detergents ”

Fubing Liu, Yì Wáng, Yuan Li, K. W. Chang

potassium monoester maleate α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group thiol-Michael click reaction emulsifying power foaming power hydrophobic barrier contact angle dry combing work PMMs SLES

TLDR Potassium monoester maleates can effectively repair damaged hair and improve haircare products.

The study presents a novel approach to designing surfactants with hair repair capabilities by introducing an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group. Potassium monoester maleates (PMMs) were synthesized and characterized, showing promising properties for haircare applications. The surfactants demonstrated strong emulsifying and foaming power, surpassing traditional SLES. Tests confirmed that PMMs could effectively repair the hydrophobic barrier of damaged hair through a thiol-Michael click reaction, improving the contact angle and reducing dry combing work significantly. This research highlights the potential of PMMs in developing multifunctional surfactants for haircare products.

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