Drug-Loaded Extracellular Vesicle-Based Drug Delivery: Advances, Loading Strategies, Therapeutic Applications, and Clinical Challenges

December 2025 in “ Pharmaceutics ”

Linh Le Dieu, Adrienn Kazsoki, Romána Zelkó

extracellular vesicles EV drug delivery biocompatibility human mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs plant-derived EVs baricitinib alopecia areata hair regrowth inflammation alopecia

From the encyclopedia

Baricitinib →

JAK inhibitor that reduces inflammation and immune attacks on hair follicles, leading to potential hair regrowth, especially in alopecia areata cases

Alopecia Areata →

autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss

Studysummary This review highlights the potential of drug-loaded extracellular vesicles as a promising drug delivery platform but notes that clinical translation faces challenges due to variability in methods and the need for standardization and safety evaluation.

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Research cited in this study

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research Extracellular Vesicle-Based Drug Overview: Research Landscape, Quality Control, and Nonclinical Evaluation Strategies

77 citations , August 2025 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy”

This review highlights the potential of extracellular vesicle-based therapies for treating various diseases, but it also notes challenges like the lack of regulatory guidelines that hinder their clinical development.

Baricitinib-Loaded EVs Promote Alopecia Areata Mouse Hair Regrowth by Reducing JAK-STAT-Mediated Inflammation and Promoting Hair Follicle Regeneration

research Baricitinib-Loaded EVs Promote Alopecia Areata Mouse Hair Regrowth by Reducing JAK-STAT-Mediated Inflammation and Promoting Hair Follicle Regeneration

December 2024 in “Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics”

This study investigated using baricitinib-loaded mesenchymal stem cell exosomes injected locally in an alopecia areata mouse model and found that this method improved hair regrowth better than baricitinib or exosomes alone, potentially offering a new therapeutic approach for treating alopecia areata.