12 citations
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December 2017 in “Food and chemical toxicology” This study found that mixtures used in permanent hair dyes had irritant effects on reconstructed human epidermis, while individual ingredients alone did not.
26 citations
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January 2016 in “Annals of Dermatology” This study found that Ecklonia cava polyphenols increased human dermal papilla cell proliferation and extended hair shaft length in vitro and ex vivo, suggesting potential as a therapeutic candidate for hair loss.
9 citations
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July 2022 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this study, an ammonia-free and PPD-free permanent hair dye was tested on 50 ethnically diverse females, showing no cases of contact dermatitis and significant improvements in hair shine, color, moisturization, porosity, and combability after two dyeing sessions.
July 2026 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” This review discusses the dermatological and systemic adverse effects of hair dye use, particularly focusing on the common allergen para-phenylenediamine, and reports no new clinical data.
79 citations
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January 1975 in “Food and Cosmetics Toxicology” In this study, oxidation hair dye formulations tested on mice showed no evidence of causing systemic toxicity or cancer over an 18-month period.