Preparation and Optimization of Garlic Oil/Apple Cider Vinegar Nanoemulsion Loaded with Minoxidil to Treat Alopecia

December 2021 in “ Pharmaceutics ”

Waleed Y. Rizg, Khaled M. Hosny, Samar S Elgebaly, Abdulmohsin J. Alamoudi, Raed Felimban, Hossam H. Tayeb, Majed G. Alharbi, Haitham A Bukhary, Walaa A. Abualsunun, Alshaimaa M. Almehmady, Rasha A Khallaf

garlic oil apple cider vinegar minoxidil alopecia areata nanoemulsion Propionibacterium acnes Korsmeyer–Peppas model super case II transport GO APCV MX

TLDR The nanoemulsion with garlic oil, apple cider vinegar, and minoxidil could effectively treat alopecia areata.

The study developed and optimized a nanoemulsion containing garlic oil (GO), apple cider vinegar (APCV), and minoxidil (MX) to treat alopecia areata. The optimal formulation, with 0.180% GO, 0.500% Smix, and 0.320% APCV, had a droplet size of 110 nm, MX steady-state flux (Jss) of 3 μg/cm²/h, and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.275 μg/mL against Propionibacterium acnes. The nanoemulsion showed enhanced stability and significantly improved MX skin permeation (2.12-fold increase) compared to aqueous dispersion, following the Korsmeyer–Peppas model of super case II transport. These results suggest that the MX-GO-APCV nanoemulsion could effectively enhance MX delivery and its therapeutic effects for alopecia areata.

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Research cited in this study

9 / 9 results

research Minoxidil And Its Use In Hair Disorders: A Review

117 citations , August 2019 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy”

Minoxidil effectively treats hair loss, but use cautiously and monitor side effects.

research Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition

701 citations , August 2014 in “Nature medicine”

Alopecia areata can be reversed by JAK inhibitors, promoting hair regrowth.

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19 citations , January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology”

Propionibacterium acnes might be linked to hair casts and possibly alopecia.

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SLN suspensions work as well as commercial solutions for minoxidil delivery, but are non-corrosive, making them a promising alternative.

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PEVs improve minoxidil skin penetration, increasing hair growth.

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61 citations , January 2007 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology”

Garlic gel with betamethasone cream significantly improves hair regrowth in alopecia areata.

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12 citations , October 2001 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Topical 5% minoxidil lacks strong evidence for treating alopecia areata.

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71 citations , January 1998 in “Pathobiology”

The document concludes that certain rats and mice are useful for studying hair loss in humans and testing treatments.

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13 citations , August 1991 in “The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association”

Inflammation may play a role in causing androgenetic alopecia.

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research Preparation and Optimization of Garlic Oil/Apple Cider Vinegar Nanoemulsion Loaded with Minoxidil to Treat Alopecia

7 citations , December 2021 in “Pharmaceutics”

The nanoemulsion with garlic oil, apple cider vinegar, and minoxidil could effectively treat alopecia areata.

Preparation and Optimization of Garlic Oil/Apple Cider Vinegar Nanoemulsion Loaded with Minoxidil to Treat Alopecia

Research cited in this study

research Minoxidil And Its Use In Hair Disorders: A Review

research Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition

research Is Propionibacterium Acnes Associated With Hair Casts And Alopecia?

research Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Suspension Versus Commercial Solutions for Dermal Delivery of Minoxidil

research Penetration Enhancer-Containing Vesicles as Carriers for Cutaneous Delivery of Minoxidil

research Combination of Topical Garlic Gel and Betamethasone Valerate Cream in the Treatment of Localized Alopecia Areata: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study

research Evidence-Based Treatment of Alopecia Areata

research Comparison of Alopecia Areata in Human and Nonhuman Mammalian Species

research Cutaneous Immunopathology of Androgenetic Alopecia

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