Dermatoscopic Findings of Syphilitic Alopecia

The document detailed a single case report of syphilitic alopecia (SA) in a 29-year-old HIV-positive man, who showed typical secondary syphilis symptoms and moth-eaten alopecia. Dermoscopic examination identified characteristics of SA such as empty hair follicles, vellus hair, and other specific features, with an unusually pronounced erythematous background. The patient's hair regrowth was successful after treatment with benzathine penicillin. The case underscored the value of dermoscopy for diagnosing SA, the need for serological syphilis screening, and scalp histopathology in diagnosis when the cause of capillary loss is unclear.