COVID-19: The Question of Genetic Diversity and Therapeutic Intervention Approaches

    January 2021 in “ Genetics and Molecular Biology ”
    David Livingstone Alves Figueiredo, João Paulo Bianchi Ximenez, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva, Carolina Panis, Rafael dos Santos Bezerra, Adriano Ferrasa, Alessandra Lourenço Cecchini, Alexandra Ivo de Medeiros, Ana Marisa Fusco‐Almeida, Anelisa Ramão, Angelica Beate Winter Boldt, Carla Fredrichsen Moya, Chung Man Chin, Daniel de Paula, Daniel Rech, Daniela Fiori Gradia, Danielle Malheiros, Danielle Venturini, Eliandro Reis Tavares, Emerson Carraro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca Ribeiro, Evani Marques Pereira, Felipe Francisco Tuon, Franciele Aní Caovilla Follador, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes, Hélito Volpato, Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus, Jaqueline Carvalho de Oliveira, Jean Henrique da Silva Rodrigues, Jean Leandro dos Santos, Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer, Juliana Cristina Brandi, Juliana Mara Serpeloni, Juliana Sartori Bonini, Karen Brajão de Oliveira, Karine Fiorentin, Léia Carolina Lúcio, Lígia Carla Faccin‐Galhardi, Lirane Elize Defante Ferreto, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi, Márcia Edilaine Lopes Consolaro, Marcelo Ricardo Vicari, Marcos Abdo Arbex, Marcos Pileggi, Maria Angélica Ehara Watanabe, Maria Antônia Ramos Costa, Maria José Soares Mendes‐Giannini, Marla Karine Amarante, Najeh Maissar Khalil, Quirino Alves de Lima Neto, Roberto H. Herai, Roberta Losi Guembarovski, Rogério N. Shinsato, Rubiana Mara Mainardes, Silvana Giuliatti, Sueli Fumie Yamada‐Ogatta, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros Gerber, Wander Rogério Pavanelli, Weber Cláudio Francisco Nunes da Silva, Maria Luiza Petzl‐Erler, Valéria Valente, Christiane Pienna Soares, Luciane R. Cavalli, Wilson A. Silva
    TLDR COVID-19 treatments and vaccines face challenges due to genetic differences in people and the virus.
    The document reviewed the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 and various therapeutic intervention strategies for COVID-19, emphasizing the rapid spread of the virus and the need for effective treatments and vaccines. It discussed molecular pathways targeted by therapeutic strategies, including drug repurposing and new drug development, and highlighted the potential role of nanotechnology in enhancing drug efficacy. The review addressed challenges posed by new variants and the importance of understanding viral and host genetic factors. It explored RNA interference, pharmacological strategies, and drug repurposing, noting that hydroxychloroquine showed no significant mortality reduction in a study of 1,438 patients. The document also reviewed the efficacy of various drugs and vaccines, with Pfizer/BioNTech showing 95% efficacy. It underscored the complexity of COVID-19 treatment due to genetic variability and the need for targeted therapeutic strategies.
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