Coenzyme Q10 Phospholipidic Vesicular Formulations for Treatment of Androgenic Alopecia: Ex Vivo Permeation and Clinical Appraisal

Three years ago, a study was conducted to improve the therapeutic effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), an antioxidant molecule with anti-aging activity on human hair, for the treatment of androgenic alopecia. Due to CoQ10's pharmaceutical limitations like large molecular weight, high lipophilicity, and poor water solubility, different vesicular nanocarriers were developed to enhance its skin penetration. The study found that transethosomes were the most effective carrier for CoQ10, with a particle size of 146 nm, zeta potential -55 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 97.63%. Transethosomes also achieved the highest deposition percentage for CoQ10, exceeding 95% in different skin layers. Clinical examination of patients with androgenic alopecia showed that CoQ10 transethosomes had a better clinical response than the administration of CoQ10 solution. This study confirmed that loading antioxidants like CoQ10 in nanocarriers maximizes their therapeutic efficiency.