10 citations
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October 2023 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” In this study, the researchers highlighted the availability of new topical and systemic agents with varied mechanisms for treatment, emphasizing that the choice of agent should be tailored to individual needs and the options available in different countries.
3 citations
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July 2024 in “Cureus” In this study, PRP was found to show promise in treating melasma, offering consistent positive outcomes and satisfaction rates among patients, especially when combined with treatments like hydroquinone and tranexamic acid, though further research is needed to confirm long-term efficacy and safety.
December 2024 in “Health Science Reports” This review found that topical metformin shows potential as a treatment in dentistry for periodontitis and in dermatology for conditions like wound healing and acne, but results for melasma are inconsistent.
68 citations
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January 2012 in “Lasers in surgery and medicine” This study found that combining microdermabrasion, a topical regimen, and low-fluence QS Nd:YAG laser treatment effectively cleared melasma in women, with 81% of participants achieving over 75% clearance and minimal side effects.
38 citations
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August 2015 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” This study observed that topical flutamide may be as effective as hydroquinone for treating melasma, with a trend towards greater improvement and patient satisfaction, but recommends further research before clinical use.