4 citations
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December 2023 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” This study found that topical metformin was as effective as triple combination cream in reducing melasma severity, with minimal adverse events.
July 2021 in “Physiology and Pharmacology” This study found that using a fresh umbilical cord as a natural face mask significantly reduced melasma severity in women after childbirth.
38 citations
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August 2015 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” This study observed that topical flutamide may be as effective as hydroquinone for treating melasma, with a trend towards greater improvement and patient satisfaction, but recommends further research before clinical use.
11 citations
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June 2020 in “Russian Open Medical Journal” This study found a higher frequency of below normal ferritin and serum iron levels in women with melasma compared to controls, suggesting a possible association with melasma.
3 citations
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July 2024 in “Cureus” In this study, PRP was found to show promise in treating melasma, offering consistent positive outcomes and satisfaction rates among patients, especially when combined with treatments like hydroquinone and tranexamic acid, though further research is needed to confirm long-term efficacy and safety.