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This study found that rapamycin effectively inhibits TPA-induced keratinocyte proliferation and skin tumor promotion by targeting mTORC1 signaling in both wild-type and transgenic mice.

In this study, the authors found that targeting mTORC1 with rapamycin inhibited TPA-induced skin tumor promotion by affecting keratinocyte proliferation, including critical stem cell populations in the mouse epidermis.

This study found that overexpression of PKCα in mouse epidermis increases expression of specific proinflammatory mediators and induces inflammation but does not significantly affect epidermal differentiation, proliferation, or tumor promotion with TPA.

This study found that TPA was significantly more effective than mezerein in inducing dark basal keratinocytes in mouse skin, which may be important in early tumor promotion stages.

In this study, mice lacking the Mcpip1 gene in their myeloid cells did not develop SCC-like tumors but instead showed increased melanocyte activity and hair loss, indicating a distinct role for myeloid Mcpip1 in skin cancer development compared to keratinocyte Mcpip1.