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Glossary WNT gene family

group of genes producing proteins for cell signaling pathways

The WNT gene family consists of a group of genes that produce proteins involved in signaling pathways crucial for cell growth, development, and differentiation. These pathways play a significant role in various biological processes, including embryonic development and the regulation of hair growth, making them important in both normal physiology and disease states like cancer and alopecia.

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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Wnt Gene Family in Donkey (Equus Asinus): Phylogenetic Analysis and Expression Profiling

research Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Wnt Gene Family in Donkey (Equus asinus): Phylogenetic Analysis and Expression Profiling

August 2026 in “Biology”

In this study, researchers performed a genome-wide characterization of the Wnt gene family in domestic donkeys, identifying 19 genes and highlighting their evolutionary conservation among mammals, along with tissue-specific expression patterns potentially linked to reproductive regulation and tissue homeostasis.

Bioinformatic Analysis of Gene Expression Data Reveals Src Family Protein Tyrosine Kinases as Key Players in Androgenetic Alopecia

research Bioinformatic analysis of gene expression data reveals Src family protein tyrosine kinases as key players in androgenetic alopecia

June 2023 in “Frontiers in Medicine”

This study identified core genes and pathways involved in androgenetic alopecia, finding that genes related to hair follicle development are down-regulated, while those linked to immune responses are up-regulated, highlighting potential therapeutic targets.

research Molecular Evolution and Protein Structure Variation of Dkk Family

3 citations , September 2023 in “Genes”

This study analyzed the molecular evolution and functional divergence of the Dkk gene family, finding accelerated evolution in Aves and Reptilia and identifying functional differences that may impact hair follicle development via Wnt signaling inhibition.

research Roles of jumonji and jumonji family genes in chromatin regulation and development

178 citations , May 2006 in “Developmental Dynamics”

This review discusses the role of jumonji family proteins in chromatin regulation and development, highlighting their involvement in transcriptional repression and histone demethylation, but reports no new experimental findings.

research Possible Cellular Communication with Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells via Secretions from Human Hair Follicle Keratinocytes

January 2022 in “Journal of St. Marianna University”

This study investigated how secretions from cultured human hair follicle-derived keratinocytes affect gene expression in human follicle dermal papilla cells to understand their signaling interactions.

research Molecular mechanisms of ectodermal dysplasia syndromes

3 citations , June 2004 in “Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja”

This article reviews the roles of several signaling pathways and molecules, including FGFs, Hh, Notch, TGF, and Wnt, in the development of teeth and hair follicles, but reports no new findings.

Identification of Potential Key Genes and Pathways Associated with the Pashmina Fiber Initiation Using RNA-Seq and Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

research Identification of potential key genes and pathways associated with the Pashmina fiber initiation using RNA-Seq and integrated bioinformatics analysis

36 citations , January 2021 in “Scientific Reports”

This study identified key genes and signaling pathways involved in the growth phases of Pashmina goat hair follicles, highlighting the role of several gene families and transcription factors in fiber quality and growth regulation.

research Molecular cloning and characterization analysis of LEF-1 gene from Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat

1 citations , October 2010 in “2010 3rd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics”

This study successfully cloned and characterized the LEF-1 gene from Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats, potentially aiding efforts to enhance cashmere production through genetic modification.

research APCDD1 is a novel Wnt inhibitor mutated in hereditary hypotrichosis simplex

199 citations , April 2010 in “Nature”

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

research Transcriptomic Analysis Provides Molecular Insights into Skin Development in Dezhou Donkey Foals

January 2026 in “Veterinary Sciences”

In this study, researchers found that significant transcriptomic changes occur in the skin of Dezhou donkey foals as they age from newborns to one year old, involving gene expression shifts that may enhance skin barrier function and hair follicle development, while reducing collagen synthesis.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Genetic Basis Underlying the Development of Skin Appendages and Immunity in Hedgehog (Atelerix Albiventris)

research Transcriptome analysis reveals the genetic basis underlying the development of skin appendages and immunity in hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)

May 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

This study found that hair-type tissues in hedgehogs show higher enrichment of immune-related genes compared to spine-type tissues, suggesting that spines evolved to protect against injuries and infections.

research Recessive Mutation in FAM83G Associated with Palmoplantar Keratoderma and Exuberant Scalp Hair

10 citations , November 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In this study, researchers identified a novel homozygous variant in the FAM83G gene responsible for autosomal recessively inherited palmoplantar keratoderma with curly hair in a consanguineous Pakistani family, suggesting FAM83G plays a crucial role in skin and hair homeostasis.

Interplay Between EDA-EDAR and WNT Signaling Pathways in the Development of Skin Appendages in Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia

research Interplay between EDA-EDAR and WNT signalling pathways in the development of skin appendages in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

1 citations , April 2025 in “Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna”

This research re-analyzed single-cell gene expression data from a mouse model, confirming that certain genes involved in the EDA-EDAR and WNT pathways are crucial for skin appendage development, suggesting that their restoration may mitigate the effects of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in children.

research Wnt target gene Ascl4 is dispensable for skin appendage development

January 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

In this mouse study, the absence of the Ascl4 gene did not affect the development of hair follicles, teeth, or mammary glands, suggesting it is non-essential for these processes.

research Deficiency in Nucleotide Excision Repair Family Gene Activity, Especially ERCC3, Is Associated with Non-Pigmented Hair Fiber Growth

10 citations , May 2012 in “PloS one”

This study found that non-pigmented hair follicles have significantly lower expression of nucleotide excision repair genes, which may be associated with reduced melanin production capacity in these follicles.

research Suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by EGF receptor is required for hair follicle development

25 citations , September 2018 in “Molecular Biology of the Cell”

This study found that in mice lacking EGFR, elevated Wnt signaling disrupts hair follicle development by affecting cell proliferation and differentiation, revealing a critical role for EGFR in regulating these processes.

research Hairless triggers reactivation of hair growth by promoting Wnt signaling

137 citations , September 2005 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America”

In this study, researchers found that transgenic expression of the Hairless gene in keratinocytes can restore hair follicle regeneration in Hr-deficient mice by repressing Wise, a modulator of Wnt signaling.

research Hairless controls hair fate decision via Wnt/β–catenin signaling

6 citations , July 2017 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

This study found that mutations in the hairless gene disrupt normal hair follicle development by impairing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, affecting hair keratinocyte differentiation in both mice and humans.

Crosstalk Between Androgen and Wnt/β-Catenin Leads to Changes in Wool Density in FGF5-Knockout Sheep

research Crosstalk between androgen and Wnt/β-catenin leads to changes of wool density in FGF5-knockout sheep

23 citations , May 2020 in “Cell Death and Disease”

This study generated FGF5-knockout Dorper sheep using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, resulting in significantly increased fine-wool and active hair-follicle density, and explored downstream signaling pathways for potential applications in androgen alopecia treatment.

research TGFβ family mimetic peptide promotes proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla cells and hair growth in C57BL/6 mice

9 citations , August 2018 in “Biomedical dermatology”

This study found that topical administration of the TGFβ mimetic peptide DPS-1 stimulated hair growth in mice by promoting HDP cell proliferation and enhancing hair follicle morphology.

Study of Gene Expression Alteration in Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Evidence of Predominant Molecular Signaling Pathways

research Study of gene expression alteration in male androgenetic alopecia: evidence of predominant molecular signalling pathways

27 citations , April 2017 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study identified overexpression of certain immune-related genes and underexpression of genes in specific signaling pathways in premature androgenetic alopecia, suggesting potential new therapeutic targets.

research CD133-positive dermal papilla-derived Wnt ligands regulate postnatal hair growth

15 citations , July 2016 in “Biochemical Journal”

This study found that Wnt ligands from CD133-positive dermal papilla cells are essential for maintaining hair growth by supporting cell signaling between different hair follicle structures.

research Hairless and Wnt Signaling: Allies in Epithelial Stem Cell Differentiation

74 citations , September 2006 in “Cell Cycle”

This review examines the role of Hairless, a nuclear receptor corepressor, in regulating Wnt signaling during hair cycling and reports no new clinical results.

research In vivo transcriptional governance of hair follicle stem cells by canonical Wnt regulators

173 citations , January 2014 in “Nature Cell Biology”

This study found that Wnt signalling activates hair follicle fate in hair follicle stem cells by relieving TCF3/4–TLE-mediated repression, with β-catenin being crucial for this process.

In Silico Analysis of Gene Expression Data from Bald Frontal and Haired Occipital Scalp to Identify Candidate Genes in Male Androgenetic Alopecia

research In silico analysis of gene expression data from bald frontal and haired occipital scalp to identify candidate genes in male androgenetic alopecia

6 citations , September 2019 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

In this study, researchers identified 32 differentially expressed genes involved in androgenetic alopecia, with down-regulated genes associated with Wnt and TGF-beta signaling and up-regulated genes linked to oxidative stress pathways.

research Expression of the Wnt signaling pathway and hair follicle development in Rex rabbits of different ages

April 2025

This study reports that in Rex rabbits, age affects fur quality and hair follicle traits, with the Wnt signaling pathway playing a role in their periodic hair follicle development.

research Large Scale Gene Expression Profiles of Regenerating Inner Ear Sensory Epithelia

77 citations , June 2007 in “PLoS ONE”

This study identified changes in transcription factor gene expression across various signaling pathways during inner ear hair cell regeneration in birds, revealing patterns and potential new pathways for future investigation.

research Gene Expression Profiling of the Intact Dermal Sheath Cup of Human Hair Follicles

11 citations , January 2018 in “Acta dermato-venereologica”

In this study, researchers identified gremilin-2 as a highly specific gene to the dermal sheath cup, suggesting it plays a key role in maintaining its properties.

In Ovo Injection of CHIR-99021 Promotes Feather Follicle Development via Modulating the Wnt Signaling Pathway and Transcriptome in Goose Embryos

research In Ovo Injection of CHIR-99021 Promotes Feather Follicle Development via Modulating the Wnt Signaling Pathway and Transcriptome in Goose Embryos (Anser cygnoides)

6 citations , May 2022 in “Frontiers in physiology”

This study suggests that an in ovo injection of CHIR-99021 promoted feather growth and follicle development in goose embryos by activating the Wnt signaling pathway.

research Clinical course of the first Japanese family with Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis: a follow-up report

May 2018 in “European Journal of Dermatology”

The first Japanese family with Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis showed hair condition improvement in a child and highlighted the risk of misdiagnosis.