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Glossary Stromal Cells

connective tissue cells supporting organ structure and function

Stromal cells are a type of connective tissue cell found in various organs, including the skin, bone marrow, and fat. They provide structural support and secrete factors that help regulate the function and growth of nearby cells, including those involved in hair growth and repair. For professionals, stromal cells are crucial in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their role in creating a supportive microenvironment for tissue regeneration.

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research The Role of Stromal Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration and Wound Repair

295 citations , June 2009 in “Science”

This article reviews the role of stromal stem cells in mammalian wound repair, suggesting they may perform functions similar to blastemal cells in simpler organisms, but reports no new experimental results.

research Conditioned Medium from Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Towards the Clinical Translation

166 citations , April 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

The researchers reported that they predicted associations between certain components of MSC-conditioned medium and its ability to stimulate cell migration in vitro, identifying factors affecting its biological activity.

Activin Controls Skin Morphogenesis and Wound Repair Predominantly via Stromal Cells and in a Concentration-Dependent Manner via Keratinocytes

research Activin Controls Skin Morphogenesis and Wound Repair Predominantly via Stromal Cells and in a Concentration-Dependent Manner via Keratinocytes

81 citations , September 2005 in “The American journal of pathology”

This study found that activin affects both stromal cells and keratinocytes in skin morphogenesis and repair, with dose-dependent effects on keratinocytes demonstrated through transgenic mouse models.

research LL-37 stimulates the functions of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells via early growth response 1 and the MAPK pathway

53 citations , April 2016 in “Stem cell research & therapy”

This study reports that LL-37 treatment enhances cell proliferation, migration, and secretion of regenerative factors in adipose-derived stem cells, potentially promoting hair growth in vivo.

research Macrophage ferroportin is essential for stromal cell proliferation in wound healing

45 citations , August 2018 in “Haematologica”

This study found that iron retention in macrophages impairs hair follicle growth and delays wound healing in mice, highlighting the importance of macrophage iron release for skin health.

research RANKL Induces Organized Lymph Node Growth by Stromal Cell Proliferation

42 citations , December 2011 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology”

In this study, transgenic mice with Rank expression in hair follicles showed excessive lymph node growth, which could be normalized by neutralizing the overproduced RANKL, underscoring its role in immune system regulation.

research A randomized, controlled clinical trial of autologous stromal vascular fraction cells transplantation to promote mechanical stretch-induced skin regeneration

19 citations , April 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study found that transplantation of autologous stromal vascular fraction cells increased skin thickness and improved regeneration when combined with mechanical stretching, without severe adverse events.

Gamma Delta 17 T Cell-Stromal Networks Modulate Matrix Composition and Vascularity in Foreign Body Response

research γδ17 T cell-stromal networks modulate matrix composition and vascularity in foreign body response

1 citations , April 2026

This study found that γδ T cells play a role in regulating stromal behavior, influencing the composition and vascularity of fibrotic tissues during the foreign body response.

research Depletion of S100A4+ stromal cells results in abnormal nipple development and nursing failure

January 2026

This study used a mouse model to reveal that S100A4-positive cells, specifically fibroblasts and immune cells, play a crucial role in nipple development, essential for successful lactation, despite no issues with mammary morphology or milk production.

research Supercharged Mechanical Stromal-Cell Transfer (MEST)

December 2023 in “Medical Times”

In this study, combining stromal cells and PRP resulted in a significantly higher cell count and volume than using a saline group, suggesting increased potential efficiency; however, clinical outcomes need further evaluation.

research Stromal Cells of the Human Postmenopausal Ovary Display a Distinctive Biochemical and Molecular Phenotype

June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey”

This study observed that the size of vaginal prolapse in patients was significantly related to both the preoperative vaginal length and the length of vaginal excision during the Michigan four-wall sacrospinous suspension procedure.

A Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence on the Efficacy and Safety of Conditioned Media, Platelet-Rich Fibrin, Stromal Vascular Fraction, Extracellular Vesicles, and Stem Cells in Androgenetic Alopecia

research A systematic review of clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of conditioned media, platelet-rich fibrin, stromal vascular fraction, extracellular vesicles, and stem cells in androgenetic alopecia

April 2026 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This systematic review reports that regenerative medicine therapies, such as conditioned media, platelet-rich fibrin, and stem cells, show promising efficacy and safety in treating androgenetic alopecia, though heterogeneity in study protocols and limited long-term data emphasize the need for further research to optimize these strategies.

research The Combination of Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma Mediates the Inflammatory Process in Deep Dermal Burn Injury.

1 citations , December 2023 in “PubMed”

This study on rats found that combining platelet-rich plasma with stromal vascular fraction cells helped accelerate burn wound healing by affecting inflammatory cell counts and COX-2 expression, with differing impacts observed between acute and sub-acute phases of healing.

research Inflammatory priming enhances mesenchymal stromal cell secretome potential as a clinical product for regenerative medicine approaches through secreted factors and EV-miRNAs: the example of joint disease

118 citations , April 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study found that adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cell secretome, particularly when preconditioned with IFNγ, significantly influences cell motility and anti-inflammatory responses, enhancing its potential as a regenerative therapy.

research Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Stromal Vascular Fraction for Hair Loss

13 citations , August 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America”

This review discusses the potential effectiveness of cell therapy for hair loss, highlighting promising early findings but emphasizing that more research is needed to explore specific therapies like autologous fat grafting and mesenchymal stem cells.

Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exhibit High HLA-DR Levels and Altered Cellular Characteristics Under Xeno-Free and Serum-Free Conditions

research Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exhibit High HLA-DR Levels and Altered Cellular Characteristics under a Xeno-free and Serum-free Condition

12 citations , September 2021 in “Stem Cell Reviews and Reports”

This study suggests that StemMACS MSC Expansion Media is more suitable than PowerStem MSC1 media for expanding therapeutic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, with less expression of negative markers and better chromosomal stability.

research Mesothelial Stem Cells and Stromal Vascular Fraction for Skin Rejuvenation

11 citations , August 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America”

This study reviewed the prospects and challenges of using stem cells from adipose tissue in regenerative medicine for facial rejuvenation, emphasizing the need for further research to ensure patient safety before these methods can become routine in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery.

research Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapy in atopic dermatitis and chronic urticaria: immunological and clinical viewpoints

8 citations , October 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This review examines the potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in treating and possibly preventing allergic diseases, and reports no new clinical results.

Towards a Consensus Potency Assay for Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Matrix Analysis of Cell Source, Donor Variability, and Inflammatory Stimuli to Refine Surrogate Markers of Immunomodulation

research Towards a consensus potency assay for mesenchymal stromal cells: a matrix analysis of cell source, donor variability and inflammatory stimuli to refine surrogate markers of immunomodulation

3 citations , May 2019 in “Cytotherapy”

In this study, only a subset of proposed biomarkers universally responded to priming in mesenchymal stromal cells, suggesting limited utility for standardized potency assays across different MSC types and conditions.

research Immortalized human hair follicle-derived mesenchymal-like stromal cells for the long-term production of scalable Immunomodulatory and regenerative secretome

1 citations , November 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study developed immortalized human hair follicle-derived mesenchymal-like stromal cells (iHF-MSCs) as a consistent source of therapeutic secretome, reporting their superior immunomodulatory and regenerative performance, potentially advancing cell-free therapies for inflammation and tissue repair.

Conditioned Medium from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Can Modulate Cell Migration and Morphology of Keratinocytes In Vitro

research Conditioned medium from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells can modulate cell migration and morphology of keratinocytes in vitro

February 2026 in “Human Cell”

This study found that factors released by mesenchymal stromal cells can enhance the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes in vitro, which may contribute to improved understanding of their role in wound healing and potential applications in dermal regeneration therapies.

Morphometric Prediction of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Like Immunosuppressive Capacity of Human Hair Follicle Dermal Sheath Cup Cells: An Implication for Regenerative Medicine in Hair Loss Diseases

research Morphometric prediction of mesenchymal stromal cell-like immunosuppressive capacity of human hair follicle dermal sheath cup cells: an implication for regenerative medicine in hair loss diseases

November 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study suggests that human DSCCs may aid in hair follicle regeneration and reduce microinflammation, with potential applications in regenerative medicine evaluated through a new morphometric analysis.

Dual Deficiency of Melatonin and Dihydrotestosterone Promotes Stromal Cell Damage and Mediates Prostatitis via the cGAS-STING Pathway in Sleep-Deprived Mice

research Dual deficiency of melatonin and dihydrotestosterone promotes stromal cell damage and mediates prostatitis via the cGAS-STING pathway in sleep-deprived mice

March 2024 in “Cell communication and signaling”

This study found that sleep deprivation in mice can trigger prostatitis by activating the cGAS-STING pathway due to reduced levels of dihydrotestosterone and melatonin, resulting in a pro-inflammatory environment, while recovery sleep can mitigate these effects.

research Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome: Influencing Therapeutic Potential by Cellular Pre-conditioning

320 citations , December 2018 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

This review explores how preconditioning mesenchymal stromal cells can impact their secretome's therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine, emphasizing immunomodulatory and regenerative functions, but provides no new clinical results.

research Challenges and Strategies for Improving the Regenerative Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Therapies

269 citations , October 2017 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This review examines the challenges of cell engraftment in regenerative medicine and discusses potential strategies to improve the efficacy of cell-based therapies, including cell-free regenerative approaches.

research Single-cell RNA-seq highlights heterogeneity in human primary Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem/stromal cells cultured in vitro

116 citations , April 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study identified highly variable genes in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells that are linked to classic functions like development and inflammation response, suggesting their potential as markers for further potency studies.

research Mesenchymal stromal cells in hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis: from pathogenesis to treatment

99 citations , February 2023 in “Cellular and Molecular Immunology”

research Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells: The link with metabolism

83 citations , May 2022 in “Journal of Advanced Research”

This study suggests that enhancing glycolysis in MSCs may improve their immune functions and therapeutic potential, although more evidence is needed to understand the direct metabolic mechanisms involved.

Overactivated Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Aggravates Intrauterine Adhesion by Inhibiting Autophagy in Endometrial Stromal Cells

research Overactivated sonic hedgehog signaling aggravates intrauterine adhesion via inhibiting autophagy in endometrial stromal cells

52 citations , September 2020 in “Cell Death and Disease”

This study found that impaired autophagy plays a role in sonic hedgehog pathway-induced endometrial fibrosis, suggesting it as a potential target for treating intrauterine adhesion.

research In vitro characterization of human hair follicle dermal sheath mesenchymal stromal cells and their potential in enhancing diabetic wound healing

52 citations , May 2015 in “Cytotherapy”

This study found that human mesenchymal stromal cells derived from hair follicle dermal sheath showed promising growth and wound-healing properties in vitro and in diabetic mice, suggesting potential for therapeutic use.