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Glossary Signaling Pathways

series of molecular interactions transmitting signals within cells

Signaling pathways, also known as signal transduction pathways or cell signaling pathways, are a series of molecular interactions that transmit signals from a cell's exterior to its interior, leading to a specific cellular response. These pathways involve receptors, enzymes, and other proteins that work together to regulate various biological processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Understanding these pathways is crucial for developing treatments for conditions like cancer and alopecia, where signaling disruptions can lead to disease.

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research Oxidative stress in hair follicle development and hair growth: Signalling pathways, intervening mechanisms and potential of natural antioxidants

41 citations , June 2024 in “Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine”

This study reviews how oxidative stress affects hair follicle development and hair growth, discusses antioxidant-based treatments for hair loss, and evaluates natural antioxidant products that promote hair growth, emphasizing the need for further research due to existing limitations.

research Molecular Mechanisms and Targeted Therapeutics in Androgenetic Alopecia: From Signaling Pathways to Regenerative Approaches

May 2026 in “Premier journal of science.”

This review examines androgenetic alopecia, detailing its causes and current treatments, but reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize understanding its complexity for personalized therapy development.

An Analysis of Gene Expression Data Involving Examination of Signaling Pathways Activation Reveals New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Minoxidil Topical Foam in Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

research An analysis of gene expression data involving examination of signaling pathways activation reveals new insights into the mechanism of action of minoxidil topical foam in men with androgenetic alopecia

12 citations , June 2017 in “Cell Cycle”

This study observed that 5% minoxidil topical foam alters gene expression and signaling pathways in the scalp, providing insights into its mechanism of action in men with androgenetic alopecia.

research Signaling pathways in the mechanisms of drug action

January 2025 in “Fitoterapia”

This study reviewed literature on signaling pathways and concluded that these pathways are crucial pharmacological targets, influencing the mechanisms of drugs used in neurological, cardiovascular, and oncological treatments to correct signal transmission disturbances.

research Signaling pathways in hair aging

November 2023 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology”

This source reviews mechanisms and existing treatments for hair aging, highlighting factors like oxidative stress and DNA repair defects that affect hair follicle and stem cell function, and discusses research limitations and future directions in the field.

research Signaling pathways and targeted therapeutic strategies for polycystic ovary syndrome

October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology”

This review investigates molecular mechanisms behind PCOS pathogenesis and discusses potential therapies, but reports no new clinical results.

research Dermal T cell immunity and key regulatory signaling pathways: Implications in immune-mediated alopecia and hair regeneration

1 citations , January 2025 in “Genes & Diseases”

This review highlights that T cells are crucial in regulating hair follicle regeneration and their disruption can lead to alopecia, providing insights into hair disorders related to T cell immune balance and hair follicle regeneration.

research Signaling pathways involved in hair follicle cycling and morphogenesis

May 2012 in “International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology”

This article reviews the morphogenesis and cycling of hair follicles and the complex signaling pathways involved, without reporting new experimental results.

research Identification of dkk4 as a target of Eda-A1/Edar pathway reveals an unexpected role of ectodysplasin as inhibitor of Wnt signalling in ectodermal placodes

117 citations , April 2008 in “Developmental biology”

This study identified that Eda-A1 unexpectedly induces placode inhibitors dkk4 and lrp4, indicating the importance of tightly regulated signaling for proper ectodermal organ development.

research Roles of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Epidermal and Hair Follicle Development, Homeostasis, and Cancer

72 citations , November 2017 in “Journal of developmental biology”

This review discusses the role of Hedgehog signaling in epidermal and hair follicle development and its involvement in basal cell carcinoma, without reporting new empirical findings.

research Targeting the Hippo/YAP/TAZ signalling pathway: Novel opportunities for therapeutic interventions into skin cancers

7 citations , August 2022 in “Experimental dermatology”

This review discusses the role of YAP/TAZ proteins in skin cancer physiology and tumorigenesis, and the potential of targeting these proteins in skin cancer treatments, but presents no new experimental findings.

research Mathematical Modeling and Inference of Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cell Signaling Pathways

3 citations , September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This review examines how mathematical modeling of the MAPK pathway, enhanced by single-cell proteomic data, improves understanding of regulatory mechanisms, predicts system behavior, and guides experimental research, emphasizing recent developments in modeling and inference.

research Role of the Wnt signaling pathway in keratoacanthoma

2 citations , November 2019 in “Cancer reports”

This study concluded that the Wnt signaling pathway does not significantly influence human keratoacanthoma development, but the overexpression of Sox9 suggests alternate signaling involvement.

The Hair Follicle and Hair Loss: A Review of DHT, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Vascular Signaling and the Biological Pathways Behind Hair Growth

research The Hair Follicle and Hair Loss: A Review of DHT, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Vascular Signalling and the Biological Pathways Behind Hair Growth

August 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)”

This review suggests that hair loss involves a complex interplay of androgen signaling with various regenerative and inflammatory pathways, challenging the view of dihydrotestosterone as the sole cause.

research The Hair Follicle and Hair Loss: A Review of DHT, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Vascular Signalling and the Biological Pathways Behind Hair Growth

August 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)”

This narrative literature review by LUSTRAO examines the complex biological mechanisms influencing hair growth and loss, highlighting that androgen signalling, while significant, works within a network involving regenerative, inflammatory, and vascular processes, without establishing it as the sole explanation for conditions like androgenetic alopecia.

research Wnt and Notch signaling pathway involved in wound healing by targeting c-Myc and Hes1 separately

113 citations , June 2015 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study found that activation or inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways in rats can alter wound healing, possibly by affecting epidermal stem cell activity and keratinocyte behavior.

Disruption of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Contributes to Hair Follicle Cycling Deficiency in VDR Knockout Mice

research Disruption of the hedgehog signaling pathway contributes to the hair follicle cycling deficiency in Vdr knockout mice

53 citations , May 2010 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology”

This study found that mice lacking the Vitamin D receptor showed disrupted hair follicle cycling, which was partially restored with hedgehog signaling pathway activation, suggesting a role for this pathway in follicle regulation independent of vitamin D.

In Ovo Injection of CHIR-99021 Promotes Feather Follicle Development via Modulating the Wnt Signaling Pathway and Transcriptome in Goose Embryos

research In Ovo Injection of CHIR-99021 Promotes Feather Follicle Development via Modulating the Wnt Signaling Pathway and Transcriptome in Goose Embryos (Anser cygnoides)

6 citations , May 2022 in “Frontiers in physiology”

This study suggests that an in ovo injection of CHIR-99021 promoted feather growth and follicle development in goose embryos by activating the Wnt signaling pathway.

research Hordenine Activated Dermal Papilla Cells and Promoted Hair Regrowth by Activating Wnt Signaling Pathway

3 citations , January 2023 in “Nutrients”

This study found that Hordenine promotes hair regrowth and enhances dermal-papilla cell activity in mice by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting potential for treating alopecia.

research Co-opting Developmental Signaling Pathways to Promote Wound Healing

1 citations , January 2018 in “Recent clinical techniques, results, and research in wounds”

This review discusses the similarities between wound healing and embryonic development, focusing on signaling pathways and their potential for developing new wound healing strategies, and reports no new clinical results.

research Modulation of Hair Growth with Small Molecule Agonists of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

113 citations , September 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that a topical hedgehog agonist can stimulate hair growth by promoting the transition from the resting to growth phase of the hair cycle in adult mouse skin.

LncRNAs in Secondary Hair Follicle of Cashmere Goat: Identification, Expression, and Their Regulatory Network in Wnt Signaling Pathway

research LncRNAs in Secondary Hair Follicle of Cashmere Goat: Identification, Expression, and Their Regulatory Network in Wnt Signaling Pathway

25 citations , August 2017 in “Animal Biotechnology”

This study identified and characterized several long noncoding RNAs in Cashmere goats, revealing complex regulatory roles in hair follicle development and growth, particularly within the Wnt signaling pathway.

research Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide promotes angiogenesis as well as follicle regeneration and hair growth through activation of the WNT signaling pathway

May 2024 in “Regenerative Therapy”

This laboratory study found that dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) stimulated hair follicle and hair growth in mice by activating the WNT signaling pathway.

research Epigenetic Effects of Finasteride on Dopaminergic Signaling Pathways: A potential contributor to Post-Finasteride Syndrome

May 2024 in “Physiology”

This study examined the effects of finasteride on human Leydig cells and found altered methylation in dopaminergic pathways, suggesting potential epigenetic contributions to post-finasteride syndrome, warranting further investigation.

Methanol Extract of Peach Kernel Induces Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation via the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway

research Methanol Extract of Peach Kernel Induces Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Proliferation via the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway

January 2024 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences”

In this laboratory study, researchers found that a methanol extract of peach kernel improved the growth and viability of human hair follicle dermal papilla cells, suggesting its potential efficacy for hair growth and care through cell proliferation and signaling pathways activation.

research THE ROLE OF AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS OF THE WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY IN PATIENTS WITH ANDROGENIC ALOPECIA AND ALOPECIA AREATA

February 2021 in “Медико-фармацевтический журнал "Пульс"”

This study explored the roles of β-catenin and sclerostin levels in patients with androgenic and alopecia areata, analyzing their potential involvement in the hair follicle morphogenesis and Wnt signaling pathway.

Titrated Extract of Centella Asiatica Increases Hair Inductive Property Through Inhibition of STAT Signaling Pathway in Three-Dimensional Spheroid Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

research Titrated extract ofCentella asiaticaincreases hair inductive property through inhibition of STAT signaling pathway in three-dimensional spheroid cultured human dermal papilla cells

13 citations , October 2017 in “Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry”

This study found that a titrated extract of Centella asiatica enhanced the hair growth potential of 3D spheroid cultured human dermal papilla cells.

research From hair to liver: emerging application of hair follicle mesenchymal stem cell transplantation reverses liver cirrhosis by blocking the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to inhibit pathological HSC activation

4 citations , February 2022 in “PeerJ”

This study found that hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells improved liver function and pathology in a mouse model of liver cirrhosis, potentially by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway and reducing hepatic stellate cell activation.

research Vitamin E promotes dermal papilla cell proliferation via the lncRNA2919/STAT1 axis to activate the Hedgehog signaling pathway

August 2026 in “Non-coding RNA Research”

The study reports that vitamin E improves hair-follicle growth and dermal papilla cell proliferation in vitro by modulating the lncRNA2919/STAT1/SHH axis in Angora rabbits, enhancing cellular antioxidant capacity.

research Epidermal growth factor promotes proliferation of dermal papilla cells via Notch signaling pathway

36 citations , April 2016 in “Biochimie”

This study shows that the concentration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) is crucial for determining whether mink hair follicles are promoted or inhibited in vitro, with involvement of the Notch signaling pathway in DP cell proliferation.