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Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.

Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.

Clinical signs of excess male hormones and actual hormone levels in the blood do not always match in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.

Male hormones affect oil-producing skin cells differently based on their body location, and the drug spironolactone can reduce these effects.

Women with low SHBG levels and a high 3a-diol G to SHBG ratio are likely to experience female pattern baldness, possibly due to a slight excess of androgens affecting sensitive hair bulbs.

Higher DHT levels are linked to worse heart changes in severe aortic valve stenosis patients.

A teenage girl had both a rare ovarian tumor and a severe form of polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Venous catheterization may help diagnose the cause of female hyperandrogenism when imaging is unclear.

Hormonal therapies are effective for managing hair and skin symptoms in women with PCOS.

Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.

Androgen levels do not determine the type of PCOS symptoms in young females.

Spironolactone improved blood vessel function and cholesterol levels in non-obese women with PCOS.

Early onset baldness in men may indicate a condition similar to PCOS, linked to heart disease, diabetes, and prostate issues.

Insulin resistance is linked to high male hormone levels in women, often seen in those with PCOS.

Most treatments for hair loss in 1997 were not effective for most people, and maintaining hair growth was difficult.

A small number of premenopausal female blood donors had high prolactin levels, often due to stress, and retesting is recommended to prevent misdiagnosis.

Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.

About 2.2% of women with symptoms of high male hormones have a mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and measuring a specific hormone level can accurately diagnose it.

Diffuse alopecia in women may be related to androgens and iron deficiency, and basic hormone and nutrient screening is useful.

Many young women who donate blood have hormonal disorders like excess male hormones and PCOS.

The document concludes that careful evaluation is key to diagnose and treat women with hair loss, with tests for thyroid, iron, and hormones as needed.

Removing a testosterone-producing tumor cured a woman's sleep apnea and other symptoms.

Women with PCOS often have more body hair, acne, and skin darkening, and these signs are linked to metabolic issues like insulin resistance and high cholesterol.

People with alopecia are at higher risk for heart disease and have more heart-related risk factors.

The conclusion is that oral contraceptives and antiandrogens can treat hirsutism and acne in women with cutaneous hyperandrogenism, but more research is needed for effective treatments, especially for hair loss.

Certain medications and maintaining adequate iron levels can help manage women's hair loss.

Testosterone's effects on COVID-19 are unclear and need more research.

Isotretinoin improves severe acne without changing androgen or insulin levels but may increase body weight and triglycerides.

Balding hair follicle cells are smaller, grow less well, and need more effort to culture than non-balding cells.