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The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

The report recommends personalized treatment for women's sexual dysfunctions and more research on effective therapies.

Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer can cause sexual, physical, and psychological side effects, and doctors should manage these carefully.

Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.

Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Early diagnosis and treatment, using finasteride, minoxidil, or hair transplantation, improves hair loss outcomes.

Hormone treatments in transsexual individuals reduce hair growth and oil production in male-to-females and increase them in female-to-males.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

Methotrexate treats various disorders by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but careful monitoring is needed to avoid toxicity and manage side effects.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.

Different types of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have varying severity, with Type I being the most severe and common.

Some vitamins and minerals like vitamin D and iron can help with certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed for others.

Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.

Human hair follicle organ culture is a useful model for hair research with potential for studying hair biology and testing treatments.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Surgery is the main treatment for liver hydatidosis, but has risks; albendazole is the most effective drug but can have side effects.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

TSH is usually the only test needed to check thyroid function in primary care.

Zinc is crucial for nutrition, especially in patients with specific health conditions, and requires careful supplementation and monitoring.

Overexpressing Dsg3 in mice skin causes excessive cell growth and abnormal skin development.

Dutasteride 0.5 mg works better than finasteride and placebo for increasing hair in men with hair loss.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are important for skin problems in women with PCOS.

Finasteride improves hair loss in women with hyperandrogenism.

Polygonum multiflorum extract helps grow hair by activating certain hair growth signals in mice.

Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.

New antifungal treatments for a children's scalp infection are effective and safe, but it's not decided if they will become the preferred option over the old treatment.