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Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.

Metformin helps regulate menstrual cycles, induce ovulation, and improve pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS.

Eating too much selenium can cause bad breath, hair loss, and nail changes, with harmful effects starting at low daily doses.

Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.

Mood stabilizers like lithium and anticonvulsants have side effects that can lead to patients stopping their medication, and managing these effects is important for treatment adherence.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in women that can cause infertility and other health issues, and it may be improved by treatments that increase insulin sensitivity.

Zinc is crucial for growth and health in rats.

Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.

Early diagnosis of Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 is crucial for treatment and was achieved through clinical examination and family history.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Urologic diseases and treatments in older men can negatively affect fertility, and doctors should talk to patients about this.

Healthcare providers should start with simple fertility tests and treatments before referring patients to specialists.

Selenium can be toxic to animals, causing serious health issues, especially in horses.

Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.

The conclusion is that pharmacists are important in helping women choose the right skin care treatments.

Late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia can greatly affect physical development, gender identity, and sexual health.

MendelVar is a tool that helps identify important genes by combining GWAS data with Mendelian disease information.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, self-renewing stem cells in the intestine and skin, important for tissue maintenance.

Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.

Over one-third of women experience hair loss, with female-pattern hair loss being most common, and treatments include minoxidil and possibly hair transplantation.

Recognizing oral symptoms can help diagnose and treat blood and nutritional diseases early.

Acitretin is effective for severe psoriasis and can be used long-term due to no immunosuppression, but must be carefully monitored for side effects and is not for pregnant women.

A new gel form of minoxidil is equally effective for hair growth and safer for the heart and other organs than the traditional solution.

The document reports findings on genetic research, including ethical concerns about genome editing, improved diagnosis of mitochondrial mutations, solving inherited eye diseases, confirming gene roles in epilepsy, linking a gene to aneurysms, and identifying genes associated with age-related macular degeneration.