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The conclusion is that accurately identifying the cause of high androgen levels in women with PCOS is crucial and requires specific tests.

Some hormone-related drugs may protect brain cells in Parkinson's disease differently in men and women.

Epilepsy and certain epilepsy drugs can lead to reproductive problems in women, but changing medication might improve these issues.

Chlormadinone acetate is a strong, well-tolerated hormone used in birth control and hormone therapy with benefits for menstrual pain and skin conditions.

Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.

Spironolactone is better than placebo for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but its effectiveness for acne is unclear due to small study sizes.

Antiandrogens can help treat skin conditions like acne and excessive hair in women when used carefully.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Small changes in hormones can significantly impact health, showing the importance of sensitive testing for chemicals that disrupt hormones.

Finasteride doesn't affect hormone levels in normal men.

Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.

Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

PCOS is a complex disorder managed by treating symptoms and requires a team of specialists.

The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.

Finasteride and dutasteride reduce unwanted movements from Parkinson's disease treatment by normalizing certain brain signals.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Hormonal imbalances, often indicating conditions like PCOS, are common in women with hard-to-treat acne, and a treatment approach addressing these imbalances may be needed.

Women's ovarian hormones and adrenal androgens change throughout life, affecting hair loss and health.

The nafarelin test can reliably distinguish between gonadotropin deficiency and delayed puberty in teenage boys.

Minoxidil treatment increases aorta elasticity and reduces stiffness in aged mice, potentially helping with age-related heart issues.

New male hormonal contraceptives show promise but need more research on long-term effects and funding for larger trials.

A boy with chromosome 13q deletion syndrome developed eye cancer, a woman with breast cancer lost vision due to a rare side-effect of her treatment, a man's vision worsened after using a hair loss drug, and two rare disorders were discussed. Optical Coherence Tomography is useful for diagnosing and monitoring these conditions.

Treatment can improve survival and symptoms in dogs with Cushing's disease, but outcomes are unpredictable.

Scientists have developed a new method to detect steroid abuse in athletes using cell-based tests, which could be the future of anti-doping methods.

Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.

Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.

The exact cause of growth hormone-responsive alopecia in dogs is unclear.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Eye exams are crucial for kids with 13q deletion syndrome, tamoxifen can cause vision loss, Propecia may lead to cataracts, Lipoid Proteinosis causes skin bumps, and OCT is useful for diagnosing macular diseases.