2295 citations,
August 2012 in “The international journal of transgenderism/International journal of transgenderism” The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
6 citations,
January 2020 in “BMC Neuroscience” Male tissue has more cell death than female tissue after ischemia, and some neurosteroids only protect female cells.
2 citations,
August 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride treats baldness but may cause lasting sexual side effects.
June 2018 in “Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research” Men with lower 2nd to 4th finger ratios tend to have larger sinus volumes.
3 citations,
February 2019 in “Disease Markers” The index to ring finger ratio may indicate disease severity in female ankylosing spondylitis patients, but not in males.
124 citations,
June 2002 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome likely starts in childhood and may be genetic and influenced by early hormone exposure.
103 citations,
October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
197 citations,
January 2019 in “Neuropsychopharmacology” Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.
21 citations,
July 2014 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Hormonal contraceptives can help treat acne by affecting sebum production and androgen levels.
51 citations,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
31 citations,
December 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Men with testicular cancer were less likely to experience baldness and severe acne.
72 citations,
January 2011 in “Current Pharmaceutical Design” S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.
47 citations,
May 2020 in “Cardiovascular Research” The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.
17 citations,
February 2014 in “The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology” 
February 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Too much male hormone in mothers can negatively affect the sexual behavior of both male and female baby mice.
40 citations,
January 2013 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
1 citations,
June 2023 in “Reproduction” Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.
November 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks” Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.
16 citations,
September 2018 in “Clinical Biochemistry” The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.
43 citations,
October 2019 in “Pediatric Research” Lifestyle changes are the main treatment for PCOS, which is a complex condition requiring early management to reduce its health impacts.
1 citations,
January 2023 in “Metabolites” Changes in gut bacteria can contribute to the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affecting metabolism, immunity, and causing inflammation. Treatments may involve adjusting these factors.
February 2024 in “Biomedicines” Pregnant women with PCOS have higher levels of Neurokinin B in the placenta, especially with female babies.
44 citations,
September 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” New treatments are needed for PCOS that target its genetic, hormonal, and metabolic causes.
10 citations,
April 1995 in “Animal Science/Animal science” Melatonin implants can change the seasonal prolactin levels and hair growth in adult cashmere goats but not in juveniles, and don't delay spring moult for better fiber harvesting.
December 2022 in “International Journal of Current Science Research and Review” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common but often undiagnosed disorder in women that can cause irregular periods, infertility, and other symptoms, and can be managed with lifestyle changes, medication, and sometimes surgery.
42 citations,
August 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer distance between the clitoris and anus.
5 citations,
January 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.
22 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Certain finger length ratios and body hair patterns may predict side effects from birth control pills in women.
32 citations,
February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
60 citations,
April 2010 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.