82 citations,
May 2009 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Caffeine penetrates human skin in lab tests similarly to real-life conditions, but actual skin use is still essential for accurate results.
34 citations,
July 2011 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Ion-paired risedronate significantly increases skin penetration without irritation compared to risedronate alone.
20 citations,
June 2016 in “Magnesium research” Hair follicles help magnesium get through the skin more effectively.
15 citations,
February 2023 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Smaller curcumin nanocrystals penetrate skin better, but additives and particle size affect absorption and accumulation.
5 citations,
August 2014 in “Pharmaceutical Development and Technology” Propylene glycol and ethanol increase finasteride skin absorption, sodium lauryl sulfate doesn't.
1 citations,
January 2012 in “42nd Annual Meeting of the European-Society-for-Dermatological-Research (ESDR)” 
149 citations,
September 2017 in “Pharmaceutics” Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.
79 citations,
December 2017 in “Cosmetics” Effective sunscreen formulations can reduce skin absorption and enhance protection.
68 citations,
February 2011 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Keratin films from human hair can potentially replace human nail plates for drug testing.
61 citations,
June 2010 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Cationic polymers improved liposome stability and increased skin absorption of aciclovir and minoxidil.
61 citations,
March 2006 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Lecithin microemulsion safely delivers tetracaine hydrochloride through the skin.
43 citations,
November 2012 in “Pharmaceutical research” Fractional CO2 laser treatment significantly boosts drug and nanoparticle skin absorption, especially through hair follicles.
39 citations,
November 2016 in “Pharmaceutics” The hair follicle pathway significantly affects how easily water-loving chemicals pass through the skin.
39 citations,
April 2010 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Nanoparticles improve minoxidil skin permeation, but more research needed for effective hair growth.
35 citations,
June 2017 in “Pharmaceutical research” Researchers developed a model that shows hair follicles increase skin absorption of caffeine by 20%.
35 citations,
October 2005 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Polymers increased skin permeation and stability of steroid hormones in liposomal formulations.
31 citations,
September 2014 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Using a special laser can improve how well hair loss treatments get into the skin and hair follicles.
30 citations,
June 2016 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Optimized film improves finasteride skin absorption and treatment efficiency.
26 citations,
May 2012 in “Pharmaceutical Development and Technology” PEVs effectively deliver minoxidil through skin.
12 citations,
March 2012 in “ATLA. Alternatives to laboratory animals” Hair follicles significantly affect the skin absorption of some drugs.
12 citations,
July 2010 in “Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology” Elastic liposomes deliver genistein through haired skin better than conventional liposomes.
8 citations,
January 2018 in “PubMed” Smaller finasteride particles increase effectiveness in treating hair loss.
1 citations,
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Hair follicles are important for drug delivery through the skin, but better methods are needed to understand and improve this process.
December 2023 in “Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin” IPM enhances skin penetration of hydrophilic drugs.
The new gel with Zinc Oxide nanoparticles and finasteride shows promise for treating hair loss when applied to the skin.
January 2018 in “Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Urea, eucalyptus oil, and menthol improve minoxidil skin absorption.
84 citations,
July 2008 in “Aaps Pharmscitech” Ethosomes improve finasteride delivery through skin for hair loss treatment.
16 citations,
August 2014 in “Archives of Pharmacal Research” Special nanoparticles increased skin absorption of hair loss treatments with fewer side effects.
16 citations,
March 2008 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Different factors like pH, gel type, and chemical enhancers affect how well hydrocortisone gets into hair follicles, and less hydrated skin doesn't work well with the test method.
13 citations,
November 2017 in “BMC Veterinary Research” Fusidic acid can be an effective topical treatment for superficial bacterial infections in dogs.