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Polycystic ovary syndrome costs the U.S. over $4 billion a year, mainly from treating related health issues.

The paper concludes that understanding melanocyte development can help in insights into skin diseases and melanoma diversity.

PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia is a hair loss condition in postmenopausal women, similar to lichen planopilaris, with ineffective treatments.

Anticancer drugs are increasingly found in surface waters, and their long-term environmental effects are not well understood, requiring better testing methods.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

PCOS is a complex disorder in women that can lead to various health risks and requires personalized treatment.

Stem cell offspring help control their parent stem cells, affecting tissue health, healing, and cancer.

Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.

Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.

Testing basal 17-HP levels is a good way to screen for nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia in women with high androgen levels.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is challenging and should use strict criteria to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary worry.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

Myrtle has various health benefits and potential for medicine development.

Some people with pattern hair loss may also have scalp inflammation and scarring similar to lichen planopilaris.

Guidelines for diagnosing common hair loss include detailed history, clinical examination, and various diagnostic techniques.

Silver can help prevent and treat infections but its effectiveness varies and should be weighed against costs and side effects.

Stem cell self-renewal is complex and needs more research for full understanding.

Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.

New 5% minoxidil foam effectively promotes hair growth and is safe for use.

Transplant success has improved with better immunosuppressive drugs and donor matching.

Flutamide effectively reduced excessive hair growth and improved related symptoms in hirsutism patients without significant side effects.

Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, and PCOS may lead to more weight gain; managing both requires a holistic approach that includes mental health.

Hair analysis can detect cocaine use but doesn't accurately show the amount or timing of use.