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Tacrolimus causes fewer acute rejections than cyclosporin A in kidney transplants but doesn't necessarily improve kidney function after one year; cardiovascular risks and side effects vary between the two drugs.

Using combined treatments can help manage acne by targeting the bacteria and skin changes that cause it.

An 8-year-old girl has a rare, irreversible hair loss condition caused by a genetic mutation.

The document concludes that scalp conditions have various causes and can present in many different ways.

Intralesional triamcinolone is the most effective treatment for alopecia areata, followed by excimer light therapy, and then topical minoxidil. The scalp responds better to treatment than the beard area.

PRP injections improve hair density in men with hair loss, with few short-term side effects.

Severe hair loss (androgenetic alopecia) is linked to higher risk of heart disease (cardiovascular atherosclerosis).

The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.

The document concludes that the fast-growing direct-to-consumer genetic testing market lacks sufficient regulation, posing risks to consumers due to questionable test quality and accuracy.

Dermoscopy is a useful tool for identifying features of skin conditions, but more research is needed to define its role in dermatology.

Hidradenitis suppurativa, a chronic skin disease, can be managed with antibiotics, lifestyle changes, and in severe cases, surgery. Early diagnosis and careful planning are key, and laser treatment can be an efficient solution for mild to severe cases.

AGA causes hair loss by shrinking hair follicles due to DHT binding, and can be treated with finasteride and minoxidil.

Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Some people with pattern hair loss may also have scalp inflammation and scarring similar to lichen planopilaris.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

Giving a special protein to dogs with a certain genetic disease improved their symptoms but didn't help with hair growth.

Treatments for permanent hair loss from scarring aim to stop further loss, not regrow hair, and vary by condition, with partial success common.

Men over 66 taking medication for prostate enlargement have a higher risk of depression and self-harm, especially in the first 18 months of treatment.

Hair mineral analysis might help diagnose diseases early, but standard methods are needed.

Inherited ichthyoses cause widespread skin scaling and thickening due to gene mutations.

Minoxidil and finasteride are effective for male hair loss, minoxidil for female hair loss, and various treatments like corticosteroids work for alopecia areata; treatment should be tailored to the individual.

Careful planning and patient counseling can lead to excellent hair transplant results, often in one or two sessions.

Insulin resistance may contribute to various skin diseases and treating it could improve skin health and prevent more serious conditions.

The document concludes that good cosmetic outcomes in hair transplantation depend on the surgeon's artistic skill and careful planning.

Both ruxolitinib and tofacitinib are effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata, but relapses are common.

An imbalance between certain immune cells is linked to a chronic skin condition and may be influenced by obesity, smoking, and autoimmune issues.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of primary cicatricial alopecia is crucial to prevent permanent hair loss.

Some birth control pills have a higher risk of blood clots than others.