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Melasma is now considered a skin aging disorder caused by sun exposure in people with a genetic tendency, which impacts treatment and prevention approaches.

Hair transplants can cause hair loss if done while lichen planopilaris is active; wait until it's inactive for two years and check with a scalp biopsy first.

The document concludes that specific itchy skin diseases during pregnancy have varying fetal risks and treatments, including corticosteroids and other medications.

A gene mutation worsens skin irritation in mice due to a lack of certain fats.

A new mutation in the STING protein causes a range of symptoms and its severity may be affected by other genetic variations; treatment with a specific inhibitor showed improvement in one patient.

The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.

The document concludes that proper diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia effectively.

Vitiligo is linked to autoimmune diseases and hearing issues, so hearing tests are recommended for patients.

The paper concludes that the 1982 criteria for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus need updating to improve accuracy and involve dermatologists in the process.

Sex hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in causing acne.

A 77-year-old woman with hair loss had high testosterone and 17OH-progesterone levels, but no significant findings on imaging.

Most patients improved with oral contraceptives, but some needed additional treatment.

Treat hair loss with finasteride, minoxidil, or surgery; consider side effects and severity.

Inherited ichthyoses cause widespread skin scaling and thickening due to gene mutations.

Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome is a rare genetic disorder causing skin and bone changes, with some cases also showing ADHD or developmental delays.

A 5-year-old boy with alopecia totalis had temporary hair regrowth with treatment but relapsed, highlighting the need for thorough investigation and holistic care.

The document concludes that side effects from Smoothened inhibitor drugs for skin cancer are reversible and can be managed with a team approach to maintain quality of life.

New treatments for excessive hair growth in women include insulin modulators and enzyme inhibitors.

Anti-androgens are safe and effective for treating moderate to severe adult female acne.

Stress, nutritional issues, and chronic diseases can cause hair loss, and nail changes may signal internal diseases; treatment focuses on the underlying cause.

Some recovered COVID-19 patients experience skin, hair, and nail issues, suggesting they need follow-up care.

The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms and reducing long-term metabolic risks, with lifestyle changes being important.

Women with androgenic alopecia are more likely to have polycystic ovaries and higher androgen levels, which may indicate PCOS.

Nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic condition that can cause early puberty and fertility problems, treated with specific steroids.

Women with persistent acne and high levels of antimullerian hormone are more likely to have polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Men using hair loss drugs like finasteride may experience sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction, but it's unclear who will be affected and when. Treating depression and sexual symptoms is suggested, as these men often have higher rates of both. More research is needed to understand why these side effects occur.

Schizophrenia risk genes may affect early brain development, contributing to the disease.

Bilateral ovarian hyperthecosis is a rare but treatable cause of increased facial hair in postmenopausal women.

Many drugs, not just chemotherapy, can cause reversible hair loss.

A cancer patient's hair became permanently curly after treatment with nivolumab.