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Understanding the scalp's five-layer structure is crucial for better surgical outcomes and fewer complications.

PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.

PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

Some drugs can cause rare but potentially deadly skin reactions, and early treatment and avoiding the drug again are key.

Dutasteride more effective for hair growth, but has more side effects than finasteride.

Planarian regeneration begins with a specific gene activation caused by injury, essential for healing and tissue regrowth.

Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.

Memory T cells in the skin balance staying put and moving into the blood, clustering around hair follicles, and increasing in number after infection.

IL-2 treatment causes skin eruptions and other reversible side effects, and may play a role in psoriasis.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

Potassium channel openers could help treat cardiovascular diseases and asthma but require better targeting to specific tissues for effective use.

The article concludes that the wool follicle is a valuable model for studying tissue interactions and has potential for genetic improvements in wool production.

High-dose dutasteride reduces PMDD symptoms by stabilizing neurosteroid levels.

Treatments for permanent hair loss from scarring aim to stop further loss, not regrow hair, and vary by condition, with partial success common.

To manage diffuse hair loss, identify the cause, improve nutrition, remove triggers, and use specific treatments like minoxidil or finasteride.

Liver transplantation is a viable option for children with propionic acidemia, improving quality of life and diet, but does not remove all risks and long-term brain outcomes are uncertain.

Taking low-dose spironolactone and metformin together works better for PCOS symptoms than either drug alone.

Dermatologists need to understand African American hair-care practices to better treat their hair and scalp disorders.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

Most patients with chronic kidney disease have skin problems, which get worse as the disease progresses, and dialysis doesn't greatly reduce these issues.

Mitoxantrone with a corticosteroid helps manage symptoms for some advanced prostate cancer patients but doesn't extend life.

5α-reductase inhibitors increase the risk of sexual dysfunction, especially in men with enlarged prostate.

Using both vertical and transverse sections gives a better diagnosis of alopecia than using one method alone.

Combining systemic and topical treatments, guided by weekly fungal cultures, effectively treats cat ringworm.

Scalp cooling significantly reduces hair loss in chemotherapy patients.

Different treatments for alopecia areata have varying success rates and side effects; intralesional steroids are most effective.

Some treatments can help with hair regrowth in alopecia areata, but results vary and long-term use is often needed without changing the disease's outcome.

Human enzymes can detoxify harmful substances but might also increase their cancer risk.

Bcl-2 overexpression protects against UVB damage but worsens hair loss from chemotherapy.