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    Glossary Hair Structure

    composition and organization of a hair strand's layers

    Hair structure refers to the composition and organization of a hair strand, which consists of three main layers: the cuticle, cortex, and medulla. The cuticle is the outermost layer, made of overlapping cells that protect the inner layers. The cortex, which is the thickest layer, contains keratin and pigments that give hair its strength, elasticity, and color. The medulla, found in thicker hair types, is the innermost layer and may play a role in the hair's overall structure and function. Understanding hair structure is crucial for diagnosing and treating hair-related conditions.

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    1. Raman spectroscopy and electronic microscopy structural studies of Caucasian and Afro human hair Heliyon · 2019 · 25 citations
    2. Engineering Spatially Organized Hair Peg-like Structures in Human Skin Constructs Using Keratinocyte–Dermal Papilla Fibroblast Spheroids and Micropatterned Dermal Scaffolds Acta Biomaterialia · 2026
    3. Evaluation of hair surface structure and morphology of patients with lichen planopilaris (LPP) by atomic force microscopy (AFM) Skin Research and Technology · 2024
    4. The structure and organization of lanceolate mechanosensory complexes at mouse hair follicles eLife · 2014 · 106 citations
    5. Mutant laboratory mice with abnormalities in hair follicle morphogenesis, cycling, and/or structure: An update Journal of Dermatological Science · 2012 · 52 citations
    6. Characterization of Human KAP24.1, A Cuticular Hair Keratin-Associated Protein with Unusual Amino-Acid Composition and Repeat Structure 2007 · 51 citations
    7. Hair structure anatomy and comparative anatomy1 1Dedicated to the memory of the late Dr. R. E. Rivett whose untimely death prevented his role in co-authorship. Clinics in dermatology · 2001 · 50 citations
    8. Measuring changes in chemistry, composition, and molecular structure within hair fibers by infrared and Raman spectroscopic imaging Journal of Biomedical Optics · 2011 · 42 citations
    9. Local structure of human hair spatially resolved by sub-micron X-ray beam Scientific reports · 2015 · 24 citations
    10. Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Human Hair Fiber Structure Applied spectroscopy · 2008 · 19 citations
    11. Structural behavior of keratin-associated protein 8.1 in human hair as revealed by a monoclonal antibody Journal of Structural Biology · 2018 · 3 citations
    12. Study on the skin structure, hair follicle cycle, and GSDMA protein expression in Ganxi goats Frontiers in Veterinary Science · 2025 · 1 citations
    13. Nanocrystal Structure of Minoxidil: A Safe Stimulator for Hair Growth Factor for C57BL/6 Mice Current Medicinal Chemistry · 2024
    14. EXPRESS: Structure Evolution in Hair Fibres During Strain and the Effect of Relative Humidity Applied Spectroscopy · 2026
    15. Raman Microspectroscopy of Hair Cuticle With Polarized Excitation: Problem of Protein Secondary and Tertiary Structure Journal of Raman Spectroscopy · 2025
    16. Evaluation of Surface Structure and Morphological Phenomena of Caucasian Virgin Hair with Atomic Force Microscopy Medicina · 2024
    17. Insights on the Hair Keratin Structure Under Different Drying Conditions Journal of Natural Fibers · 2023
    18. WNT Signaling in the Control of Hair Growth and Structure Developmental biology · 1999 · 271 citations
    19. Formation and Structure of Human Hair Birkhäuser Basel eBooks · 1995 · 175 citations
    20. Mutant laboratory mice with abnormalities in hair follicle morphogenesis, cycling, and/or structure: annotated tables Experimental dermatology · 2001 · 86 citations
    21. Hair colouring, permanent styling and hair structure Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2003 · 72 citations
    22. The role of disulfide bond formation in the structural transition observed in the intermediate filaments of developing hair Journal of Structural Biology · 2012 · 39 citations
    23. [Systemic therapy of diffuse effluvium and hair structure damage]. PubMed · 1993 · 23 citations
    24. Review of the current understanding of the effect of ultraviolet and visible radiation on hair structure and options for photoprotection International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2004 · 22 citations
    25. Structure of intermediate filament assembly in hair deduced from hydration studies using small-angle neutron scattering Journal of structural biology · 2019 · 9 citations
    26. Lipid distribution and influence on hair structure International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2013 · 6 citations
    27. Investigation of human hair using ToF-SIMS: From structural analysis to the identification of cosmetic residues Journal of vacuum science and technology. B, Nanotechnology & microelectronics · 2018 · 4 citations
    28. Ultra‐structural hair alterations in Friedreich's ataxia: A scanning electron microscopic investigation Microscopy Research and Technique · 2015 · 1 citations
    29. Features of structure of external layer of murine hair at different stages of malignant tumor development Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences · 2014 · 1 citations
    30. Effects of Silicone Oil Viscosity on the Physical Structure and Damage Mechanisms of Hair during Permanent Wave Treatment Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology · 2026