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The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and management of PCOS are crucial due to its associated health risks.

Most women with excess male hormones have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and hormonal therapy can improve symptoms but may cause side effects.

The secretions of mesenchymal stem cells could be used for healing without using the cells themselves.

Polycystic ovary syndrome affects about 6-10% of women, with varying symptoms and the need for standardized global definitions.

PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Polycystic ovary syndrome costs the U.S. over $4 billion a year, mainly from treating related health issues.

PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.

PCOS is common among Chinese women of reproductive age and linked to serious metabolic and reproductive issues, especially in obese women.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.

Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.

Testing basal 17-HP levels is a good way to screen for nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia in women with high androgen levels.

Metformin is effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with PCOS and may work better than the standard treatment in some ways.

Menopause can lead to skin and hair problems due to hormonal changes, but hormone replacement therapy might help slow these effects.

Experts recommend thorough medical, sexual, and psychosocial assessments for women's sexual dysfunctions, and suggest individualized treatment plans with regular check-ups. They also mention potential use of estrogen and androgen therapy, but with caution due to safety concerns.

Flutamide is more effective and has fewer side effects than spironolactone for treating hirsutism.

Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.

Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.

Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.

South Asian women with PCOS are more likely to have metabolic issues and central obesity, and simple measures like waist size and blood pressure can help identify these risks early.

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

Flutamide may slightly improve hair loss in women, but finasteride does not work.

Finasteride doesn't harm male fertility or sperm quality, but may slightly reduce ejaculate volume.