131 citations
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September 2010 in “The Laryngoscope” This study found that forehead feminization significantly contributes to recognizing female gender and reported that feminizing forehead cranioplasty is a safe procedure with a low complication rate.
35 citations
,
January 2011 in “Facial Plastic Surgery” This review discusses the anatomy, evaluation, surgical methods, and nonsurgical options for forehead lifting, but it reports no new clinical results.
26 citations
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June 1993 in “Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery” This study found that the endolaser technique using a small incision is as effective as standard forehead lifts for reducing glabellar frown lines and forehead creases with a shorter recovery time.
24 citations
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April 2017 in “Aesthetic plastic surgery” In this study, micro-autologous fat transplantation (MAFT) for frontal augmentation using the MAFT-GUN showed high patient satisfaction and no complications among 178 patients, suggesting it may be a reliable method for forehead contouring.
17 citations
,
February 2018 in “British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery” This paper reviews the evolution and classification of forehead reduction and orbital contouring techniques in transgender females, but reports no new clinical findings.
17 citations
,
August 2014 in “Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery” This review discusses surgical options and considerations for forehead rejuvenation, emphasizing a systematic approach and the importance of individual facial analysis, but does not provide new clinical findings.
15 citations
,
September 2021 in “Archives of Plastic Surgery” This review addresses the preoperative considerations and surgical techniques for facial feminization, focusing on facial areas such as the forehead, orbits, and nose, and outlines literature on patient-reported outcomes after such procedures.
13 citations
,
July 2023 in “Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open” This study examined attractive white celebrities and found no significant difference in central forehead height between genders, but reported narrower and downward slanting foreheads in women, which may influence facial rejuvenation and gender-affirming surgery approaches.
12 citations
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January 2016 in “Skin appendage disorders” This study reports that women receiving periodic injections of botulinum toxin type A for forehead wrinkles may experience frontal alopecia, with progressive hairline recession observed in the cases studied.
10 citations
,
May 2012 in “Journal of Craniofacial Surgery” This case report describes a successful frontal region reconstruction using Cerament for a 50-year-old man, resulting in satisfactory forehead morphology and improved appearance four years post-surgery.
8 citations
,
October 2005 in “Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America” This article discusses the mechanisms and prevention of aging, particularly in facial rejuvenation, but reports no new experimental findings.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” This piece discusses the benefits of head support during follicular unit extraction in a seated position and reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest an ergonomic support system to improve graft quality.
3 citations
,
April 2016 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This abstract provides author contact details but presents no study findings or results.
September 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” In this retrospective chart review, researchers found that keratinocyte carcinomas on the scalp and forehead of non-alopecic women occurred more frequently in the part line of the scalp, with basal cell carcinoma being more common than squamous cell carcinoma.
March 2026 in “The Open Dentistry Journal” This study found significant gender-based differences in forehead dimensions among 297 participants, with males showing larger vertical measurements, which could inform applications in forensic identification, cosmetic surgery, and anthropological research.
September 2023 in “Clinical anatomy” This study examined the subcutaneous structures in forehead creases using cadavers and observed that dense fibrous structures connecting the dermis to the frontalis muscle, as well as specific epidermal and dermal characteristics, may contribute to the formation of these creases.
In this retrospective analysis, researchers evaluated 54 patients undergoing soft tissue reconstruction for scalp and forehead defects and reported excellent aesthetic outcomes with local flaps for defects up to 50 cm², while larger defects typically required additional skin grafting.
September 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This research observed that during the 2 to 4 days following hair transplantation for androgenetic alopecia, patients may develop forehead and upper eyelid edema due to gravitational fluid movement and oozing of inflammatory fluid in the implanted area.
March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” This review discusses foreheadplasty techniques, highlighting that using hairline incisions can maintain or lower the hairline, and reports no new clinical results.
This study found that patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia showed significant alterations in protein expression in forehead corneocytes, suggesting the condition may have systemic implications beyond the scalp.
January 2012 in “Current Therapy In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery” Endoscopic forehead and brow lifting safely and consistently improves aged eyebrows, but may have complications.
93 citations
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January 2016 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that patients with acne vulgaris had higher serum IGF-1 levels and more intense FoxO1 and mTOR expression than controls, suggesting their role in acne pathogenesis.
75 citations
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April 2000 in “Developmental Dynamics” This study suggests that the structural integrity and physical proximity of Whn's DNA binding and activation domains are crucial for hair keratin gene activation and may explain the nude phenotype.
May 2017 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” This study reported that patients with specific Foxn1 mutations exhibited severe T-cell lymphopenia without the hair and nail abnormalities usually associated with these mutations.
3 citations
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June 2022 in “Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery” In this study, both endoscopic and pretrichial open forehead lifts were found to significantly elevate eyebrows long-term, with high patient satisfaction reported, showing no significant difference between the two methods.
March 2026 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This review discusses current hair removal strategies in paramedian forehead flap reconstruction and reports no new clinical results; it offers recommendations to improve aesthetic outcomes by guiding timing and technique selection.
July 2021 in “Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” In this study, combining endoscopic forehead lifting with hairline lowering successfully rejuvenated the upper facial area in 194 patients by lowering hairlines by an average of 18 mm and raising eyebrows by 5 mm, without serious complications.
EFBL offers hidden incisions, faster recovery, and fewer risks, but may raise hairline and cost more.
20 citations
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March 2015 in “Archives of Plastic Surgery” This article discusses the unique challenges of performing facelifts on Asian patients due to their thicker and larger skin, and it reports no procedural outcomes.
9 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” The study suggests that lateral oblique forehead lines result from muscle contractions and can be effectively treated with onabotulinum toxin A, rather than being caused by sleeping position.