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TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Tofacitinib is safe and effective for severe alopecia areata, but hair loss may return 2 months after stopping treatment.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Stem cells help heal skin wounds by moving and changing roles, working with other cells, and needing more research on their activation and behavior.

Epirubicin is as effective as doxorubicin for cancer treatment with less heart damage, but doesn't work on doxorubicin-resistant cancers.

Omeprazole effectively treats severe acid reflux in children for short-term use, but long-term safety needs more research.

Zinc is crucial for growth and health in rats.

New research suggests that skin cell renewal may not require a special type of cell previously thought to be essential.

Cancer cells often have more copies of TERT and TERC genes, which helps them grow and could affect patient outcomes.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Protoporphyrin IX is useful in cancer treatment but can cause health problems if not properly regulated.

Different types of stem cells and their environments are key to skin repair and maintenance.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Cepharanthine is a well-tolerated drug with multiple medical uses, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Survivors of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis need ongoing care for various long-term health problems.

A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.

Low-oxygen conditions and ECM degradation products increase the healing abilities of perivascular stem cells.

Human beard hair medulla contains a unique and complex mix of keratins not found in other human tissues.

Older adults have a high rate of skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma and melanoma, mainly due to UV exposure and age.

Green tea may help with health issues like cancer, heart disease, and weight loss due to its high catechin content.

Hair mineral analysis might help diagnose diseases early, but standard methods are needed.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Etoposide is effective in treating several cancers, especially small cell lung cancer, with acceptable side effects.

YAP and TAZ proteins are necessary for the development of two types of skin cancer.

Women with PCOS often have skin problems like excessive hair, acne, hair loss, and dark patches, which can be treated with hormonal and non-hormonal therapies.

Costunolide may have multiple health benefits, including promoting hair growth and protecting against cancer and diabetes, but more research is needed.

Some heart drugs show promise for other conditions, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising drugs for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.