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Glossary Epidermal Keratinocytes

cells in the skin's outer layer producing protective keratin

Epidermal keratinocytes are the primary type of cells found in the outermost layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. These cells produce keratin, a tough, protective protein that helps the skin act as a barrier against environmental damage, pathogens, and water loss.

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research The role of Glucosylceramides in Keratinocyte Differentiation and Epidermal Barrier Function

1 citations , January 2013

This study observed that inducible deletion of the Ugcg gene in mouse epidermis led to a significant reduction in GlcCers and epidermal POS-Cers, causing impaired skin barrier function and delayed wound healing.

Essential Role of Polarity Protein Par3 for Epidermal Homeostasis Through Regulation of Barrier Function, Keratinocyte Differentiation, and Stem Cell Maintenance

research Essential Role of Polarity Protein Par3 for Epidermal Homeostasis through Regulation of Barrier Function, Keratinocyte Differentiation, and Stem Cell Maintenance

26 citations , July 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

In this study, loss of epidermal Par3 in mice disrupted the skin barrier and affected cell differentiation and stem cell maintenance, highlighting its role in epidermal homeostasis.

research GRHL3 binding and enhancers rearrange as epidermal keratinocytes transition between functional states

38 citations , April 2017 in “PLOS Genetics”

This study found that human progenitor keratinocytes form unique complements of enhancers and super-enhancers during differentiation and migration, influencing gene expression and skin disease variant enrichment.

Selective Ablation of Ctip2/Bcl11b in Epidermal Keratinocytes Triggers Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Inflammatory Responses in Adult Mice

research Selective Ablation of Ctip2/Bcl11b in Epidermal Keratinocytes Triggers Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Inflammatory Responses in Adult Mice

40 citations , December 2012 in “PLoS ONE”

This study found that selective deletion of Ctip2 in epidermal keratinocytes in adult mice leads to atopic dermatitis-like inflammation and suggests Ctip2 plays a crucial role in skin barrier maintenance and inflammatory regulation.

research The Transmembrane Serine Protease HAT-like 4 Is Important for Epidermal Barrier Function to Prevent Body Fluid Loss

19 citations , March 2017 in “Scientific Reports”

This study suggests that the protease HAT-L4 plays a significant role in maintaining epidermal barrier function to prevent body fluid loss, as its absence in mice led to increased fluid loss and higher mortality.

The TFIID Subunit TAF4 Regulates Keratinocyte Proliferation and Has Cell-Autonomous and Non-Cell-Autonomous Tumor Suppressor Activity in Mouse Epidermis

research The TFIID subunit TAF4 regulates keratinocyte proliferation and has cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous tumour suppressor activity in mouse epidermis

28 citations , July 2007 in “Development”

In this study, inactivating the TAF4 subunit of transcription factor TFIID in mouse epidermis disrupted gene expression linked to skin and hair function, and increased tumor risk.

research The dark and the bright sides of the transcription factor Nrf2 in skin protection and disease (Nrf2 and epidermal barrier function)

August 2015 in “Free Radical Biology and Medicine”

This study found that Nrf2 activation protected keratinocytes from UVB damage but also caused thickening, inflammation, and cysts, limiting its therapeutic potential for skin protection.

research Micropatterned dermal–epidermal regeneration matrices create functional niches that enhance epidermal morphogenesis

65 citations , August 2013 in “Acta Biomaterialia”

This study suggests that a novel micropatterned dermal–epidermal matrix (μDERM) enhances keratinocyte function and epidermal morphology, offering potential improvements in skin substitute design for wound healing applications.

research Dedicator of Cytokinesis 5 Regulates Keratinocyte Function and Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing

25 citations , February 2021 in “Diabetes”

This study found that Dock5 plays a crucial role in keratinocyte function and wound healing, with its expression reduced in diabetic models but improving healing when restored.

research Keratinocytes of the Upper Epidermis and Isthmus of Hair Follicles Express Hemoglobin mRNA and Protein

November 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study suggests that hemoglobin α expression in the epidermis is induced by oxidative stress and may function as an antioxidant, contributing to skin barrier function.

research Keratinocytes regulate the function of melanocytes

55 citations , December 2014 in “Dermatologica sinica/Zhōnghuá pífūkē yīxué zázhì”

This article discusses the interactions between keratinocytes and melanocytes in maintaining epidermal and hair follicle homeostasis, without reporting new experimental results.

research Facial pore refining by targeting dermal and epidermal functions: Assessment across age and gender

6 citations , July 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

In this study, researchers found that a composition containing mannose-6-phosphate significantly reduced the total skin pore area by 24% in women after 56 days and by 30.2% in men after 7 days, suggesting its effectiveness in improving pore appearance by targeting dermal and epidermal modifications.

research Selenoproteins Are Essential for Proper Keratinocyte Function and Skin Development

101 citations , August 2010 in “PLoS ONE”

In this mouse study, severe selenoprotein deficiency in epidermal cells was linked to skin abnormalities, disrupted hair follicle development, and progressive alopecia, highlighting the role of selenoproteins in skin and hair health.

research Abstract 1026: A non-apoptotic function for Mcl-1 as an activator of canonical Wnt signaling in keratinocytes

April 2010 in “Cancer Research”

This study suggests that Mcl-1 has a non-apoptotic role in promoting keratinocyte proliferation and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, potentially indicating a novel oncogenic activity.

Pharmacological Activation of Estrogen Receptors-α and -β Differentially Modulates Keratinocyte Differentiation with Functional Impact on Wound Healing

research Pharmacological activation of estrogen receptors-α and -β differentially modulates keratinocyte differentiation with functional impact on wound healing

23 citations , September 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine”

This study found that the activation of ER‑β increased keratinocyte proliferation and gene expression related to epidermal regeneration, enhancing wound healing in both cell models and rats.

research Radiation Dermatitis: Radiation-Induced Effects on the Structural and Immunological Barrier Function of the Epidermis

1 citations , March 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

This review discusses how ionizing radiation causes skin damage by inducing cellular senescence in keratinocytes, which secrete inflammatory mediators, recruiting immune cells and exacerbating inflammation, impacting the skin barrier function and healing.

research 1372 Modulation of YBX1 phosphorylation determines epidermal stem cell function

April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that inhibiting PI3 kinase in epidermal stem cells reduces YBX1 phosphorylation, thereby decreasing cellular senescence and enhancing wound healing and regeneration in adult-derived skin models.

research Biphasic Regulation of HMG-CoA Reductase Expression and Activity during Wound Healing and Its Functional Role in the Control of Keratinocyte Angiogenic and Proliferative Responses

27 citations , April 2008 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

This study found that simvastatin interfered with insulin-induced VEGF expression and keratinocyte proliferation during skin repair in mice, effects that could be reversed by mevalonate.

research Mediator1: An Important Intermediary of Vitamin D Receptor–Regulated Epidermal Function and Hair Follicle Biology

5 citations , March 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In their mouse study, Oda et al. found that removing the MED1 gene in the skin led to hair loss and changes in epidermal cell differentiation, indicating MED1's significant role in these processes.

research 889 Trpv3 gain-of-function mutation impairs differentiation of hair follicle inner root sheath

April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

In this study, the researchers introduced a mutation in mice to mimic Olmsted syndrome and found that the mutation caused hair loss due to impaired keratinocyte differentiation and depletion of hair follicle stem cells.

research Therapeutic inhibition of keratinocyte TRPV3 sensory channel by local anesthetic dyclonine

3 citations , September 2020

This study found that the medication dyclonine has a potent inhibitory effect on the TRPV3 channel, effectively rescuing cell death and alleviating pruritus symptoms in a mouse model with gain-of-function TRPV3 mutations, suggesting potential for treating skin inflammation.

research Anatomy and Function of the Skin

40 citations , January 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks”

This article explains the structure and multifunctional roles of the human skin, including its protective, regulatory, and sensory functions, but does not report new research findings.

research TCF/Lef1-Mediated Control of Lipid Metabolism Regulates Skin Barrier Function

22 citations , September 2011 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that impaired TCF/Lef1 signaling in mice leads to significant skin barrier defects due to altered lipid metabolism and epidermal differentiation.

research Monovalent antibody-conjugated lipid-polymer nanohybrids for active targeting to desmoglein 3 of keratinocytes to attenuate psoriasiform inflammation

18 citations , January 2021 in “Theranostics”

This study found that actively targeted AN2728-loaded nanocarriers reduced inflammation and improved skin condition in a mouse model of psoriasiform inflammation compared to free drug and non-targeted nanoparticles.

research Multiple Roles of Integrin-Linked Kinase in Epidermal Development, Maturation and Pigmentation Revealed by Molecular Profiling

9 citations , May 2012 in “PLOS ONE”

This study found that integrin-linked kinase is crucial for various epidermal functions, including differentiation and barrier formation, and also plays a previously unreported role in melanocyte development and function.

research Structure and Function of the Skin

6 citations , January 2009 in “Elsevier eBooks”

This chapter discusses the structure and function of the skin, detailing its protective roles and the layers that comprise it, but reports no new research findings.

research The Function and Structure of the Skin

4 citations , November 2014

The skin protects the body, regulates temperature, senses touch, and makes vitamin D.

research Structure and Function of the Skin

1 citations , January 2012 in “Elsevier eBooks”

The document concludes that the skin is a complex organ providing protection, sensation, and healing, with challenges in treating conditions like itchiness.

research The Endocrine Function of the Skin: An Analytical Narrative

October 2023 in “Apollo medicine”

This review highlights that the epidermis acts as an endocrine organ, synthesizing and responding to hormones such as corticosteroids and Vitamin D, impacting processes like hair growth and immune response, and participating in regulating endocrine balance.

research The Role of EAAT4 in Epidermal Differentiation and Calcium Homeostasis during Aging

May 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

In this study, researchers found that the expression of SLC1A6, a gene linked to calcium gradient and keratinocyte differentiation in the skin, significantly decreases with age, which may contribute to reduced skin barrier function in elderly individuals.