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Using existing drugs for new purposes could be a cost-effective way to treat chest pain and non-clogged heart arteries, with some drugs for lung blood pressure showing promise but needing more testing.

A functional medicine approach may help long COVID patients by focusing on adrenal fatigue, gut health, and vitamin D deficiency, using diagnostic tools and lifestyle changes.

The book "Hair Science and Technology" provides a deep understanding of hair biology and genetics, discusses hair growth, density, and diseases, and offers methods for managing hair loss and caring for hair growth.

A simple screening method found that 6.3% of women in a semiurban area in Sri Lanka have polycystic ovary syndrome, with most showing menstrual irregularities.

The document concludes that new methods improve the accuracy of diagnosing scalp alopecia and challenges the old way of classifying it.

PCOS is diagnosed when at least two of these three features are present: polycystic ovaries, irregular ovulation, and high androgen levels.

The document concludes that hair loss in women is complex, often linked to aging, health conditions, and nutritional deficiencies, and emotional impacts should not be underestimated.

Understanding hair structure and growth is key for diagnosing hair diseases accurately.

PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.

Common types of non-scarring hair loss have various causes and treatments, but more effective solutions are needed.

PSA can help diagnose high androgen levels in women.

LC-MS/MS is more reliable than immunoassays for diagnosing 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

Up to 50% of scalp hair can be lost before it appears thin, and treatment is only needed for hair loss caused by diseases or deficiencies.

Trichoscopy is a useful tool for diagnosing and managing hair and scalp conditions, often better than traditional methods.

Hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are reliable skin signs of PCOS linked to metabolic issues, while acne is not a reliable marker of the condition.

Women with PCOS often have more hair growth, skin darkening, and acne, which are linked to hormonal and metabolic issues.

Women with PCOS have higher androgen levels that decrease with age but are still higher than in women without PCOS.

Shorter, thinner hairs indicate AGA, while longer, thicker hairs suggest CTE; counting and measuring shed hairs helps diagnose hair loss type.

The document explains hair growth and shedding, factors affecting it, and methods to evaluate hair loss, emphasizing the importance of skin biopsy for diagnosis.

The algorithm effectively removes hair from skin images, improving melanoma diagnosis accuracy.

Different types of hair loss in lupus need careful diagnosis for proper treatment.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of hair loss in children is crucial due to limited treatment options and the condition's psychological impact.

Mutations in the NR3C1 gene cause a rare condition that affects hormone signaling and can lead to various symptoms, with dexamethasone as a treatment option.

The document concludes that a systematic approach is crucial to identify causes of androgen excess in women beyond the most common cause, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Alopecia Areata Incognita causes widespread hair thinning, and treatment with systemic corticosteroids and psychiatric support can lead to remission.

Rare adrenal cancers that secrete androgens or estrogens have a poor prognosis and are treated primarily with surgery.

Female pattern hair loss has multiple causes and treatments, with new therapies showing promise.

The document concludes that managing PCOS involves lifestyle changes, medication for symptoms, and weight loss for fertility improvement.

Telogen Effluvium is a hair loss condition where treatment involves identifying and managing its triggers.

Trichoscopy is a valuable, quick, and non-invasive tool for diagnosing tinea capitis in children.