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Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Sulforaphane from broccoli can help protect skin from sun damage.

Androgens can help prevent memory problems caused by apoE4.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.

Toxic Shock Syndrome mainly affects menstruating women, can recur, and is linked to staph bacteria, with rapid treatment being crucial.

Hair loss needs more research for better treatments.

Pectin biosynthesis is essential for the growth of cotton fibers and Arabidopsis root hairs.

Certain inhibitors slow down plant growth by causing early cell specialization without changing the cell development pattern.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.

Silver can help prevent and treat infections but its effectiveness varies and should be weighed against costs and side effects.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

Patients with certain skin symptoms and high ANA titers should be monitored for potential systemic lupus.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of ichthyosis is crucial for treatment and genetic advice, and ongoing research is needed for better therapies.

Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

Protoporphyrin IX is useful in cancer treatment but can cause health problems if not properly regulated.

The drug IPI-926 is safe at 160 mg daily and may help treat certain tumors, especially basal cell carcinoma.

Antibiotics can reduce acne but may lead to resistant bacteria, and understanding the skin's bacteria is important for treatment.