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    Glossary Chronic Alopecia Areata

    long-term autoimmune condition causing persistent hair loss

    Chronic Alopecia Areata (Chronic AA) is a long-term autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to persistent and often unpredictable hair loss on the scalp and other parts of the body. Unlike acute cases, which may resolve within a year, chronic AA can last for several years or even be lifelong, requiring ongoing management and treatment.

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    1. Role of Cytotoxic T Cells in Chronic Alopecia Areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2000 · 127 citations
    2. Role of platelet-rich plasma in chronic alopecia areata: Our centre experience Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery · 2015 · 61 citations
    3. Utility of azathioprine, methotrexate and cyclosporine as steroid‐sparing agents in chronic alopecia areata: a retrospective study of continuation rates in 138 patients 2020 · 12 citations
    4. Predominant expression of interleukin (IL)‐17 in chronic alopecia areata compared to IFN‐γ in pathogenic Th17 cells, tissue‐resident memory T cells and natural killer cells JEADV Clinical Practice · 2023 · 3 citations
    5. 068 Pathogenic Th17 cells, CD8+CD69+CD49a- tissue-resident memory T cells and common γ chain receptor + natural killer cells express more IL-17, compared to IFN-γ, under the foxp3+ memory regulatory T cells-depleted microenvironment in patients with chronic alopecia areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2023
    6. 083 More Expression of IL-17 than IFN-γ from CD49a-negative Tissue-Resident Memory T (Trm) cells at the Hair Bulge and Hair Bulb Region in the Scalp of Chronic Alopecia Areata Patients according to the Foxp3+mTregs depletion Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2019
    7. 44179 Characterization of subclinical atherosclerosis in chronic severe alopecia areata. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2023
    8. 470 Exploring the possible involvement of skin-resident memory T cells in refractory chronic alopecia areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2025
    9. Limited Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich-Plasma Treatment on Chronic Severe Alopecia Areata Hair therapy & transplantation · 2014 · 15 citations
    10. PRP therapy in chronic diffuse alopecia areata – A case report IP Indian journal of clinical and experimental dermatology · 2021
    11. Association of alopecia areata with atopic dermatitis and chronic spontaneous urticaria Allergy and asthma proceedings · 2018 · 27 citations
    12. Risk Factors and Characterization of Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata in Patients With Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease JAMA dermatology · 2014 · 27 citations
    13. A Chronic Contact Eczema Impedes Migration of Antigen-Presenting Cells in Alopecia Areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2006 · 24 citations
    14. Chronic delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction as a means to treat alopecia areata Clinical & Experimental Immunology · 2004 · 20 citations
    15. High frequency of cutaneous manifestations including vitiligo and alopecia areata in a prospective cohort of patients with chronic graft-vs-host disease Croatian Medical Journal · 2016 · 17 citations
    16. Alopecia Areata after Omalizumab Treatment for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Acta Dermato Venereologica · 2019 · 11 citations
    17. Complete remission of alopecia areata under treatment of chronic hand eczema with alitretinoin European Journal of Dermatology · 2013 · 8 citations
    18. Transcriptomic crossroads: Decoding genes and pathways that connect alopecia areata with chronic inflammatory skin disorders JID Innovations · 2026
    19. Holistic management of chronic hair loss with alopecia areata in a young female treated at Dr. Batra’s® – A classical homeopathic case study Journal of Homeopathy Studies · 2026
    20. A case of alopecia areata multiplex accompanied by chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura The Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    21. Treatment of chronic alopecia areata with tildrakizumab: an open‐label pilot study International Journal of Dermatology · 2020 · 3 citations
    22. Treatment of chronic severe alopecia areata with topical diphenylcyclopropenone and 5% minoxidil: A clinical and immunopathologic evaluation Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 1993 · 41 citations
    23. Treatment of chronic extensive alopecia areata by diphenylcyclopropenone alone versus in combination with anthralin Dermatologic therapy · 2019 · 10 citations
    24. Possible Involvement of Skin‐Resident Memory T Cells in Refractory Chronic Alopecia Areata Experimental Dermatology · 2026
    25. Reduced level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in chronic/relapsing Alopecia Areata Dermato-endocrinology · 2013 · 40 citations
    26. 3 percent topical minoxidil compared with placebo for the treatment of chronic severe alopecia areata. PubMed · 1988 · 26 citations
    27. Fractionated CO2 Laser in Combination with Topical Tacrolimus for Chronic Alopecia Areata: A Case Series Study Life · 2024 · 1 citations
    28. Safety and efficacy of microneedling with autologous platelet-rich plasma in chronic and stable alopecia areata Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology · 2018 · 1 citations
    29. Limited Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich-Plasma Treatment on Chronic Severe Alopecia Areata Hair therapy & transplantation · 2014 · 1 citations
    30. Histopathology of alopecia areata, acute and chronic: Why is it important to the clinician? Dermatologic Therapy · 2011 · 43 citations