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    Glossary Androgen Receptor

    protein in cells that binds male hormones to regulate genes

    The androgen receptor (AR) is a type of protein found inside cells that binds to androgens, which are male hormones like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. This binding activates the receptor, allowing it to enter the cell nucleus and influence the expression of specific genes, playing a crucial role in the development and maintenance of male characteristics, as well as in conditions like androgenic alopecia (male pattern baldness).

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    1. Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 1997 · 416 citations
    2. Intratumoral <i>De Novo</i> Steroid Synthesis Activates Androgen Receptor in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Is Upregulated by Treatment with CYP17A1 Inhibitors Cancer research · 2011 · 402 citations
    3. Polymorphism of the Androgen Receptor Gene is Associated with Male Pattern Baldness Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2001 · 299 citations
    4. Intermolecular NH2-/Carboxyl-terminal Interactions in Androgen Receptor Dimerization Revealed by Mutations That Cause Androgen Insensitivity 1998 · 227 citations
    5. Balding hair follicle dermal papilla cells contain higher levels of androgen receptors than those from non-balding scalp Journal of Endocrinology · 1998 · 227 citations
    6. ERG induces androgen receptor-mediated regulation of SOX9 in prostate cancer 2013 · 224 citations
    7. A phase IIA randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to study the efficacy and safety of the selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), MK-0773 in female participants with sarcopenia Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging · 2013 · 211 citations
    8. Androgen receptor–mediated inhibition of cutaneous wound healing 2002 · 207 citations
    9. Androgen Receptor Antagonists (Antiandrogens) Structure-Activity Relationships Current Medicinal Chemistry · 2000 · 204 citations
    10. Genetic Variation in the Human Androgen Receptor Gene Is the Major Determinant of Common Early-Onset Androgenetic Alopecia American Journal of Human Genetics · 2005 · 195 citations
    11. Androgen Receptor Polymorphisms (CAG Repeat Lengths) in Androgenetic Alopecia, Hirsutism, and Acne Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery · 1998 · 186 citations
    12. Clinical, Hormonal, Behavioral, and Genetic Characteristics of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome in a Brazilian Cohort: Five Novel Mutations in the Androgen Receptor Gene The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · 2003 · 174 citations
    13. The Distribution of Estrogen Receptor β Is Distinct to That of Estrogen Receptor α and the Androgen Receptor in Human Skin and the Pilosebaceous Unit Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings · 2003 · 130 citations
    14. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Characterization of Metabolically Stable Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2004 · 129 citations
    15. The role of androgen and androgen receptor in skin-related disorders Archives of Dermatological Research · 2012 · 124 citations
    16. Cultured dermal papilla cells from androgen-dependent human hair follicles (e.g. beard) contain more androgen receptors than those from non-balding areas of scalp 1992 · 124 citations
    17. Skeletal Site-Dependent Expression of the Androgen Receptor in Human Osteoblastic Cell Populations Calcified Tissue International · 1997 · 123 citations
    18. Androgen receptor–mediated inhibition of cutaneous wound healing 2002 · 108 citations
    19. Androgens and androgen receptor action in skin and hair follicles Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · 2017 · 100 citations
    20. Polymorphisms of the Androgen Receptor Gene and the Estrogen Receptor β Gene Are Associated with Androgen Levels in Women1 The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · 2001 · 93 citations
    21. Molecular basis of androgen receptor diseases Annals of Medicine · 2000 · 93 citations
    22. Visualising Androgen Receptor Activity in Male and Female Mice PloS one · 2013 · 89 citations
    23. Three-Month Treatment With a Long-Acting Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist of Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Effects on Tissue Androgen Concentration, 5<i>α</i>-Reductase Activity and Androgen Receptor Content* 1989 · 82 citations
    24. Different phenotypes in a family with androgen insensitivity caused by the same M780I point mutation in the androgen receptor gene. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · 1996 · 78 citations
    25. Androgen Resistance Associated With a Qualitative Abnormality of the Androgen Receptor and Responsive to High Dose Androgen Therapy* The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · 1989 · 78 citations
    26. The E211 G>A Androgen Receptor Polymorphism Is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Metastatic Prostate Cancer and Androgenetic Alopecia Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention · 2005 · 76 citations
    27. Novel Anti-Prostate Cancer Curcumin Analogues That Enhance Androgen Receptor Degradation Activity Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry · 2009 · 73 citations
    28. The Transcriptional Co-Activator cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein-Binding Protein Is Expressed in Prostate Cancer and Enhances Androgen- and Anti-Androgen-Induced Androgen Receptor Function American Journal of Pathology · 2003 · 72 citations
    29. Racial variations in COVID‐19 deaths may be due to androgen receptor genetic variants associated with prostate cancer and androgenetic alopecia. Are anti‐androgens a potential treatment for COVID‐19? Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · 2020 · 71 citations
    30. Revising the role of the androgen receptor in breast cancer Journal of Molecular Endocrinology · 2014 · 68 citations