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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

The document concludes that the fast-growing direct-to-consumer genetic testing market lacks sufficient regulation, posing risks to consumers due to questionable test quality and accuracy.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

Telogen effluvium is a reversible hair loss condition that requires a detailed diagnosis and often resolves on its own.

The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.

Most women with excess hair growth have an underlying hormonal issue, often treated with medication and hair removal methods.

Some herbal therapies may help with skin conditions, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Sulforaphane from broccoli can help protect skin from sun damage.

Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.

DrugNet effectively identifies new uses for existing drugs and may save resources in drug development.

Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE) is a less invasive hair transplant method with minimal scarring, suitable for about 60% of patients, especially those needing fewer grafts and quicker recovery.

Humans lost body hair relatively recently in evolution.

Laser hair removal effectiveness depends on targeting hair structures without harming the skin, and improvements require more research and expert collaboration.

Patients with certain skin symptoms and high ANA titers should be monitored for potential systemic lupus.

The Sonic hedgehog pathway is crucial for new hair growth during mouse skin healing.

Understanding hair follicle anatomy helps diagnose hair disorders.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

Nanoparticles can improve skin drug delivery but have challenges like toxicity and stability that need more research.

Damage to skin releases dsRNA, which activates TLR3 and helps in skin and hair follicle regeneration.

The conclusion is that the risk of losing significance in meta-analysis results increases with smaller effects and more missing data, and using the median standard deviation for imputation is recommended.

The document describes how to tell different types of non-scarring hair loss apart by looking at hair and scalp tissue under a microscope.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Potassium channel openers could help treat cardiovascular diseases and asthma but require better targeting to specific tissues for effective use.