12 citations
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March 2012 in “ATLA. Alternatives to laboratory animals” This study found that caffeine and flufenamic acid penetrated porcine skin more effectively through hair follicles, while the importance of the follicular pathway varied for other substances tested.
84 citations
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July 2008 in “Aaps Pharmscitech” Ethosomes improve finasteride delivery through skin for hair loss treatment.
24 citations
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November 2009 in “Pharmaceutical Development and Technology” This study found that Transcutol P significantly enhanced the skin penetration of Finasteride in vitro, while cationic and anionic surfactants did not show such effects.
January 2026 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” This study found that ex vivo, the skin permeability of caffeine increased with formulations using natural caffeine from coffee extract, particularly when combined with 2.5% Transcutol P, compared to synthetic caffeine formulations.
January 2009 in “The Chinese Journal of Modern Applied Pharmacy” This study concluded that QSPR models effectively predict drug skin penetration, with the Potts-Guy model showing the highest predictive accuracy for the drugs tested.